Tag pentane

In the competitive landscape of industrial chemicals, quality, reliability, and purity define success. Our premium high-purity pentanes – including n-Pentane, Isopentane, and Cyclopentane – are engineered to meet the strictest technical standards required by manufacturers in electronics, pharmaceuticals, adhesives, and refrigeration industries.

Our products are designed to directly compete with industry leaders such as SK and LG, offering equivalent or superior performance and purity. They are distinguished by:

Isopentane purity above 99%, ensuring stable and predictable performance in refrigeration systems and high-precision applications. Ultra-low impurity levels, with cyclic pentanes below 100 ppm, light fractions under 0.5%, and total sulfur under 1 ppm. Negligible aromatic content, with benzene below 10 ppm, and non-volatile residues less than 1 mg/100 ml, ideal for sensitive chemical processes.

These specifications reflect our commitment to chemical purity, process safety, and regulatory compliance. Having successfully supplied demanding Asian markets, our pentanes have proven their consistent quality, excellent performance, and strong reputation. This regional success confirms our ability to support global industrial partners who require high-grade pentanes for critical applications.

Whether used as solvents, foam-blowing agents, or high-purity chemical intermediates, our pentanes provide industrial users with uncompromising quality, reliable supply, and peace of mind. Partner with us to access world-class pentanes designed to match or outperform leading competitors in the market.

Cyclopentane, a seemingly simple cyclic hydrocarbon, plays a crucial role in numerous industrial sectors, including refrigeration, materials, and chemical manufacturing. Its unique structure and properties have a profound impact on modern industrial processes and everyday life.

1. Structure and Properties: A Stable Cyclic Molecule

Cyclopentane, with the molecular formula C₅H₁₀, is a saturated cycloalkane featuring a five-membered ring. Carbon atoms are connected by single bonds, forming a stable cyclic structure that imparts distinct physical and chemical properties.

Physically, cyclopentane is a colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor, a melting point of −94.4°C, a boiling point of 49.3°C, a relative density of 0.746 (water=1), and a relative vapor density of 2.42 (air=1). It is insoluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and acetone. Its relatively low boiling point gives it volatility at ambient temperatures.

Chemically, cyclopentane exhibits typical alkane stability and low reactivity. While it generally resists addition reactions, it can undergo halogenation, cracking, and other reactions under high temperature, light, or catalytic conditions. Compared to unsaturated hydrocarbons like alkenes or alkynes, its reactivity is comparatively low.

2. Production Process: Petroleum-Derived Refinement

Cyclopentane is primarily derived from petroleum through processes such as distillation and catalytic cracking. Fractions containing cyclopentane are further refined and purified to achieve high-purity products. Industrially, cyclopentane with purity above 98% is typically obtained through fractional distillation of petroleum ether fractions with boiling points in the 30–60°C range. Alternative methods, including cyclopentanone reduction or catalytic hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene, exist but are less common due to higher complexity and cost.

Technological improvements in catalysts and process optimization have significantly increased production efficiency and product quality while reducing manufacturing costs.

3. Production Capacity and Output

In 2024, global cyclopentane production capacity surpassed 3 million tons per year, with an output of approximately 2.2 million tons, maintaining a capacity utilization rate of 70–75%. Asia (especially China), North America, and Europe constitute the core production regions. China alone accounts for 1.2 million tons of capacity and 850,000 tons of output, representing 40% and 38.6% of global totals, respectively.

Global production grew at an average annual rate of 6.5% over the past five years. In China, due to advantages in appliance cooling and polyurethane foam clusters, annual growth reached 8.2%, surpassing the global average. Despite a temporary slowdown to 5.1% in 2023–2024 due to domestic capacity closures and weaker overseas demand, global output is projected to grow at 7% CAGR from 2025–2030, with China remaining a key growth hub.

4. Market Participants and Competitiveness

Global and Chinese cyclopentane markets are dominated by several types of players:

International specialty chemical leaders: High technological barriers, producing ultra-high-purity cyclopentane (>99.9%) for semiconductor cleaning and precision instruments. Integrated refining companies: Cost-efficient, leveraging full petroleum refining processes to supply industrial-grade cyclopentane with high purity. Regional market specialists: Focus on specific areas (e.g., Asia, North America) and provide tailored products compliant with local environmental regulations. Appliance industry-focused suppliers: Major domestic suppliers specializing in refrigeration foam applications, offering customized formulations and fast delivery. Export-oriented producers: High-purity products compliant with international standards (e.g., REACH), targeting global markets. Emerging environmentally friendly producers: Develop low-GWP and sustainable production processes, aligning with global carbon reduction trends.

5. Applications: Multifaceted Industrial Roles

Refrigeration and Insulation: Cyclopentane is an eco-friendly blowing agent for rigid polyurethane foam, replacing ozone-depleting CFCs/HCFCs. Widely used in refrigerators, freezers, cold storage, and insulated pipelines. Chemical and Materials Industry: Acts as a solvent in organic synthesis, coatings, inks, and petroleum refining. Serves as a precursor for polymers such as polycyclopentene, used in plastics, rubber, automotive components, building materials, and electronics. Other Uses: Standard for chromatographic analysis, fuel additive, and environmentally friendly industrial cleaners.

6. Safety and Environmental Considerations

Cyclopentane is highly flammable, forming explosive mixtures with air. Strict fire and explosion prevention, ventilation, and trained personnel are essential. As a VOC, its emissions may contribute to air pollution and aquatic toxicity. Effective exhaust treatment and emission control are required to minimize environmental impact.

Conclusion

Cyclopentane’s unique cyclic structure and versatile properties make it indispensable across multiple industrial sectors. With advancing technology and rising environmental standards, its applications will expand further. At the same time, stringent safety and environmental management are critical to ensure sustainable use.

On September 5, a delegation from the School of Materials Science & Chemical Engineering of Harbin Engineering University, led by Dean Prof. Yang Piaoping, Party Secretary Wang Jianan, and Vice Dean Prof. Li Junqing, visited Junyuan Petroleum Group for a comprehensive exchange.

The delegation toured Junyuan Petroleum’s central control room, quality inspection center, and production facilities, gaining first-hand insights into the company’s advanced processes and solvent production capabilities. With a product portfolio that includes high-purity n-Pentane, n-Hexane, n-Heptane, as well as eco-friendly blowing agents such as Cyclopentane, Isopentane, and Isobutane, Junyuan Petroleum is committed to supporting innovation in sectors ranging from refrigeration and insulation to pharmaceuticals and adhesives.

During the meeting, both parties shared perspectives on strengthening cooperation in scientific research, breakthrough technologies, and talent development. On behalf of Chairman Mr. Miao Guangfa, Vice General Manager Yu Rui warmly welcomed the delegation and highlighted the Group’s development strategy and future innovation roadmap. Prof. Yang Piaoping introduced the school’s academic strengths, research platforms, and successful cases of technology transfer, expressing strong interest in deeper collaboration.

The two sides reached consensus that this exchange has laid a solid foundation for a long-term strategic partnership. Looking ahead, Junyuan Petroleum Group and Harbin Engineering University will focus on integrating the “innovation chain + industrial chain,” advancing frontier technology research, promoting green and efficient applications of solvents, and cultivating high-level talent. Together, they aim to accelerate industry transformation, contribute to national “dual carbon” goals, and create a new chapter of win-win cooperation between academia and industry.

Junyuan Petroleum Group, China’s largest n-Pentane producer, has successfully achieved continuous exports for the 19th consecutive year. Recently, 260 tons of n-Pentane were shipped from Qingdao Port to Colombia, marking another solid step in the company’s steady expansion into international markets.

Over the past years, Junyuan has actively promoted the transformation and upgrading of the petrochemical industry by relying on advanced naphtha chemical technology. Its products not only hold a strong position in the domestic market but also represent a leap from “Made in China” to “Global Solutions.” Through in-depth market research and front-line engagement, Junyuan has strategically targeted regions such as Southeast Asia and South America. By collaborating with major domestic trading partners, participating in international exhibitions, and opening up trade channels along the Belt and Road, the company has significantly expanded the global reach of its n-Pentane products.

In Colombia, particularly in the port cities of Buenaventura and Cartagena, n-Pentane plays a vital role:

Blowing Agent in polyurethane (PU) and polystyrene (EPS) foams, essential for insulation in refrigerators and construction panels.

Organic Solvent in adhesives, coatings, and inks.

Electronics Cleaning Agent to remove grease and impurities in manufacturing processes.

Refrigerant Component (R601) in eco-friendly cooling systems.

Chemical Intermediate, Laboratory Applications, and Specialty Uses in fine chemicals, chromatography, and performance-enhancing materials.

With its “Terminal + Internationalization” dual-driven strategy, Junyuan has built a strong supply chain that ensures reliable delivery through ISO tanks and customized packaging solutions. The company’s efforts are also aligned with the high-level development of inland open economy pilot zones in China, while strengthening long-term cooperation with international partners.

A company spokesperson emphasized that exporting to Colombia is an important milestone in Junyuan’s international strategy. Looking ahead, Junyuan will continue to explore overseas market potential, expand export volumes, and enhance the global recognition of its brand concept — “Junyuan · More than n-Pentane.” By doing so, Junyuan Petroleum Group aims to bring more high-quality naphtha-based chemical products to the global stage and contribute to the growing recognition of Chinese manufacturing worldwide.

This article provides a comprehensive comparison of three chemical compounds—n-Pentane, Isopentane, and Cyclopentane—based on their UN numbers, CAS numbers, and Harmonized System (HS) codes. These identifiers are crucial for safety regulations, chemical tracking, and international trade compliance. Understanding their distinctions helps industries manage transportation, storage, and customs procedures effectively.

Comparison Table

Chemical Compound | UN Number | CAS Number | HS Code

n-Pentane | UN 1265 | CAS 109-66-0 | 2901.10.10
Isopentane | UN 1265 | CAS 78-78-4 | 2901.10.90
Cyclopentane | UN 1146 | CAS 287-92-3 | 2902.19.00

Keywords

n-Pentane, Isopentane, Cyclopentane, UN Number, CAS Number, HS Code, Chemical Identification, International Trade, Chemical Safety, Transportation Regulations

This structured comparison allows professionals in chemistry, logistics, and trade to better navigate classification and compliance requirements.

Process Steps Explained

1. Raw Material – DCPD (Dicyclopentadiene): DCPD is commonly sourced as a byproduct from petroleum refining processes. It serves as the starting material for the production of Cyclopentane.
2. Thermal Cracking: Under high-temperature conditions, DCPD undergoes thermal cracking. This reaction breaks its molecular structure to form Cyclopentadiene, which is an unstable intermediate but necessary for the subsequent step.
3. Catalytic Hydrogenation: The Cyclopentadiene is then subjected to a catalytic hydrogenation process. In the presence of a suitable catalyst and hydrogen gas, Cyclopentadiene is converted into the stable product, Cyclopentane.
4. Final Product – Cyclopentane: Cyclopentane, the final product, is widely used as a blowing agent in the production of polyurethane foam, refrigerant insulation materials, and other applications where its distinct properties are beneficial.

Cyclopentane Production Process Flow Diagram

Below is an overview of the process used to produce Cyclopentane from DCPD.

1. Raw Material: DCPD (Dicyclopentadiene)

• Source: DCPD is typically obtained as a byproduct of petroleum refining processes. It serves as the starting material for this production route.

2. Thermal Cracking

• Process: Under high-temperature conditions, DCPD undergoes thermal cracking.
• Intermediate Result: This step converts DCPD into Cyclopentadiene, an unstable intermediate necessary for the next transformation.

3. Catalytic Hydrogenation

• Process: The Cyclopentadiene intermediate is subjected to a catalytic hydrogenation reaction.
• Outcome: With the presence of a suitable catalyst and hydrogen gas, Cyclopentadiene is converted into the final product—Cyclopentane.

Final Product: Cyclopentane

Applications

• Usage: Cyclopentane is widely utilized as a blowing agent in the production of polyurethane foam, as well as in insulation materials for refrigeration and construction applications.
• Benefits: Its favorable physical properties and environmental advantages make Cyclopentane a preferred choice in these applications.

   ┌─────────────────────────────┐  
   │ Raw Material: DCPD          │  
   │ (Dicyclopentadiene)         │  
   └─────────────────────────────┘  
                │  
                │  (Thermal Cracking)  
                ▼  
   ┌─────────────────────────────┐  
   │ Intermediate:               │  
   │ Cyclopentadiene             │  
   └─────────────────────────────┘  
                │  
                │  (Catalytic Hydrogenation)  
                ▼  
   ┌─────────────────────────────┐  
   │ Final Product:              │  
   │ Cyclopentane                │  
   └─────────────────────────────┘  

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Selecting a dependable cyclopentane supplier is essential for maintaining the quality, consistency, and sustainability of your supply chain. Cyclopentane, a versatile cycloalkane with numerous industrial applications, requires a supplier that can meet your specific needs. Here are five critical factors to consider when choosing a cyclopentane supplier.

1. Quality and Purity
   The quality and purity of cyclopentane are crucial. Opt for suppliers offering products with a purity level of at least 80% or higher to ensure effectiveness and reliability. Request a certificate of analysis (COA) to verify the product’s specifications. For instance, Junyuan Petroleum Group provides cyclopentane with a minimum purity of 95.0%, meeting stringent quality standards.
2. Research and Development Capabilities
   A supplier with strong R&D capabilities demonstrates a commitment to innovation and the ability to adapt to market demands. Inquire about their R&D team, facilities, and any recent advancements or patents. Suppliers like Junyuan Petroleum Group, with dedicated labs and research teams, are better positioned to offer cutting-edge solutions and continuous product improvements.
3. Production Capacity and Scalability
   Evaluate the supplier’s production capacity and scalability to ensure they can meet your current and future needs. A supplier with robust production facilities and scalable processes can guarantee a consistent supply, even as demand grows. Consider their production volume, capacity utilization, and expansion plans. Large-scale suppliers, such as Junyuan Petroleum Group, often provide cost-effective solutions and can efficiently handle substantial orders.
4. Customer Service and After-Sales Support
   Reliable suppliers offer excellent customer service and after-sales support. Look for prompt communication, personalized service, and a proactive approach to resolving issues. Effective after-sales support is vital for addressing technical problems or product concerns post-purchase. Junyuan Petroleum Group, for example, has a dedicated customer service team that ensures quick and efficient resolution of any issues.
5. Regulatory Compliance and Certifications
   Ensure the supplier adheres to industry standards and regulations. Certifications such as ISO indicate a commitment to quality and safety. Compliance with safety and environmental regulations minimizes legal and reputational risks. Junyuan Petroleum Group, for instance, holds ISO certifications and follows strict quality control measures to meet industry standards.

Conclusion
Choosing a reliable cyclopentane supplier involves evaluating quality and purity, R&D capabilities, production capacity, customer service, and regulatory compliance. By considering these factors, you can select a supplier like Junyuan Petroleum Group that delivers high-quality, consistent, and sustainable cyclopentane. A reliable supplier not only provides a superior product but also fosters a supportive and enduring partnership.

n-Pentane in drums is available starting October! 🚚 Due to high summer temperatures, shipments are paused from May 1st to October 1st. Contact us now and start stocking up! 
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