R600a

A flammable refrigerant gas with very low GWP for R134a (HFC) replacement in Refrigerator and Refrigeration systems, substitution of this refrigerant for motor vehicle air conditioning systems not originally designed for R600a is widely prohibited or discouraged.

Characteristics

Melting Point−159.42 °CBoiling Point−11.7 °CDensity2.51 kg/m3 (at 15 °C, 100 kPa)FormsLiquified gas, Flammable

USES AND APPLICATIONS

Key applications

• Refrigerating and air-conditioning systems

Synonyms: Isobutane, I-butane, 2-methylpropane, methylpropane

Chemical Formula: C4H10

CAS Number: 75-28-5

Buy R600a from Chinese suppliers | (75-28-5)
Buy customized variations and grades of R600a (C4H10) from Junyuan Petroleum Group ; safe delivery, in stock in Junyuan Petroleum Group, find MSDS, quote, sample now!

It’s essential to know about hydrocarbons, increasingly present in the market.

The use of R600a and R290 hydrocarbons as refrigerant fluids has been consolidating itself and gaining space in the market. By representing, at the same time, a good solution from a technical point of view as well as a response to the need to cause less environment impact, they have been adopted by various refrigeration equipment manufacturers.

From an environmental aspect, it should be emphasized that they do not harm the ozone layer and contribute almost negligibly to global warming – a considerable advantage over many other alternatives now present in the market. Another advantage is that their use delivers greater cooling system efficiency. For those not familiar with these refrigerants yet, it’s worth noting that R600a or isobutane, is mainly used in household refrigerators and some types of commercial equipment, while R290, or propane, is an alternative increasingly more present in commercial equipment. There is still a degree of concern from some professionals and companies in relation to the use of hydrocarbons, since they are flammable. But it’s an unnecessary concern. Knowing how to work with them, there’s no risk. The example of several European countries proves this: there, isobutane and propane have been used for many years.

There is other information that should be emphasized to make it clear how safe their use is. The first is that the entire electrical circuit of these products is suitable for flammable gases to prevent generating sparks. Added to this, it’s important to know that the hydrocarbon charge in a refrigerator is very small, being around 80 grams for household systems and 150 grams for commercial systems. Let’s compare: the hydrocarbon mass of a refrigerator is about 1% of the total existing in a 13 kg gas cylinder, which is commonly used in kitchens. Since the refrigeration systems are sealed, the gas doesn’t come in contact with the environment.

COOKING GAS MUST NOT BE USED

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), also known as cooking gas, cannot be used as a refrigerant fluid in refrigeration equipment. For this use, only isobutane (R600a) and propane (R290) hydrocarbons are indicated. LPG is a mixture of butane and propane, with different characteristics both for R600a as well as for R290 and its use can generate moisture in the system, among other problems. In addition to the different chemical composition, it receives an additive to have an odor that makes it easy to notice leaks and this additive can also react with the elements present in the refrigeration system. 

Necessary precautions

It’s important to be aware of the characteristics of these refrigerant fluids when doing maintenance on equipment in which they are used. Since they’re flammable, some precautions should be taken:

• Before beginning, it’s important to consult technical reference materials, reinforcing your knowledge on best practices and precautions to be taken.

• In welding operations, release all the refrigerant from the refrigeration system in a well-ventilated area or collect it in a closed container. Make sure that the tubing is completely free of isobutane or propane before using the welding torch. For this, a nitrogen charge can be passed through the tubing.

• Seal the process tube with locking pliers.

• You can also choose to use the Lokring® system to join the tubes, avoiding the need to weld

• Be attentive to the electrical devices which need to be appropriate to the flammability of these refrigerants.

A key guideline is that isobutane and propane should only be used in compressors that are designed for their use. That’s what will ensure good system performance and operational safety. Regarding electrical components, the need to use starting devices approved for the compressor must be emphasized. The thermal protector must be ¾ sealed (with cover) or the 4TM model.

Other important information is about filter driers, which should contain 4A-XH5 desiccant. Some refrigeration system characteristics change when using hydrocarbons. And, in some aspects, there are important differences among the systems with R600a and those designed for use with R290. For example, an R600a compressor has a displacement approximately 70% greater than a similar model with R134a. R600a also has lower vapor pressures than R12 or R134a, in all temperature ranges.

While in the case of propane, the situation is different. In R290 compressors the displaced volume is always smaller, reaching up to a 40% reduction when compared to R134a models. Propane operates with higher pressures compared to R600a or R134a. Regarding gas charge, the characteristic is the same for both R600a and for R290: in both cases it’s normally 40% lower when compared to other refrigerants – another reason why there should be no fears about the operational safety of hydrocarbons. In other aspects, there are few changes.

In the case of capillary tubes and heat exchangers (evaporators and condensers), almost always the same system characteristics that operate with other refrigerants are maintained. Finally, a key recommendation: in systems designed for the use of hydrocarbons, never replace them with other refrigerant fluids.

Tip: If you have doubts or want to enhance your knowledge on this topic, watch the video on changing compressors available on the Club’s website (refrigerationclub.com). The compressor shown there uses hydrocarbon.

Which refrigerators use R600a refrigerant?

This is a great, energy-efficient French-door refrigerator, the most popular style right now. It stores a lot of food and uses the climate-friendly R600a refrigerant.

Junyuan Petroleum Group is one of the Hexane manufacturers, exporters, producers, and suppliers in China

Hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms, and has the molecular formula C6H14. Hexane is a significant constituent of gasoline. It is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with boiling points of approximately 69 °C (156 °F). It is widely used as a cheap, relatively safe, largely unreactive, and easily evaporated nonpolar solvent.

Hexane is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C6H14. It belongs to linear saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons. It is obtained from crude oil cracking and fractionation. It is a colorless liquid with a faint special odor. It is volatile, almost insoluble in water, and easily soluble in chloroform, ether, and ethanol. Mainly used as a solvent, such as vegetable oil extraction solvent, propylene polymerization solvent, rubber and paint solvent, pigment diluent.

It is used for the extraction of various edible oils such as soybeans, rice bran, cottonseeds, and oils in spices. In addition, the isomerization of n-hexane is one of the important processes for producing high-octane gasoline blending component.

The term hexanes refer to a mixture, composed largely (>60%) of hexane, with varying amounts of the isomeric compounds 2-methyl pentane and 3-methyl pentane, and, possibly, smaller amounts of nonisomeric C5, C6, and C7 (cyclo)alkanes. Hexanes are cheaper than hexane and are often used in large-scale operations not requiring a single isomer (e.g., as cleaning solvent or for chromatography).

Uses

In industry, hexanes are used in the formulation of glues for shoes, leather products, and roofing. They are also used to extract cooking oils (such as canola oil or soy oil) from seeds, for cleansing and degreasing a variety of items, and in textile manufacturing. They are commonly used in food-based soybean oil extraction in the United States, and are potentially present as contaminants in all soy food products in which the technique is used; the lack of regulation by the FDA of this contaminant is a matter of some controversy.

A typical laboratory use of hexanes is to extract oil and grease contaminants from water and soil for analysis. Since hexane cannot be easily deprotonated, it is used in the laboratory for reactions that involve very strong bases, such as the preparation of organolithiums. For example, butyllithiums are typically supplied as a hexane solution.

Hexanes are commonly used in chromatography as a non-polar solvent. Higher alkanes present as impurities in hexanes have similar retention times as the solvent, meaning that fractions containing hexane will also contain these impurities. In preparative chromatography, the concentration of a large volume of hexanes can result in a sample that is appreciably contaminated by alkanes. This may result in a solid compound being obtained as an oil and the alkanes may interfere with the analysis.

Used in solvents, extraction, organic synthesis, cleaning in the electronics industry, as an extractant in the pharmaceutical industry, and also as an extractant for edible vegetable oils.

Mainly used as a solvent, such as vegetable oil extraction solvent, propylene polymerization solvent, rubber and paint solvent, pigment diluent. It is used for the extraction of various edible oils such as soybeans, rice bran, cottonseeds, and other spices. In addition, it is also a high-octane fuel.

Determination of moisture in methanol. UV spectrum analysis. Pesticide residue analysis. High-performance liquid chromatography. Gas chromatographic analysis standard. Biochemical research, protein sequence analysis.

Determine the refractive index of minerals. Organic Synthesis. Replace mercury in thermometers.

Used as analytical reagent and solvent.

We are trying our best to supply every chemical you may wish to buy. However, if there is something you can’t find, feel free to contact us and we will find just what you are looking for and offer you a competitive price. We have many customers in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Australia, United Kingdom, and European Union countries and retain long-term cooperation. For more information or to request a particular product, call customer services or the Given
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List of outstanding employees in the production line of Junyuan Petroleum Group in 2022
In 2022, we made remarkable achievements, and many advanced individuals and teams emerged. They wrote a brilliant chapter for Junyuan Petroleum Group and achieved fruitful results. Thank you for your hard work. We hope everyone can learn their advanced deeds and work experience together, and make greater efforts to create more brilliance.
They are conscientious and conscientious in ordinary posts, and take the initiative to undertake the work tasks with enthusiasm and passion for the work; They are like industrious bees, silently contributing in ordinary posts; They have no heroic words, but have a heart of sincere service, which brings us beauty, peace, warmth and emotion in our work and life.

Junyuan Petroleum Group founded in 2006, has a long and illustrious heritage in delivering for its customers and is the leading manufacturer representing the complete chemical supply chain.

Junyuan Petroleum Group of Companies include manufacturers, distributors, traders, warehouse operators, logistics and transport companies, as well as service providers and suppliers who collectively are the main chemical industry interface providing products and services to virtually every sector.

Such a diverse enterprise gives the distinct advantage of a 360-degree view and insight of the global chemical supply chain which, combined with the extensive and in-depth expertise of our staff, enables the Junyuan Petroleum Group to provide wide-ranging services and support to our customers, and to engage and work closely with Government and other key stakeholders in China and overseas.

The chemicals and pharmaceutical industry is the China’s second biggest industry and Junyuan Petroleum Group employ over 500 people and contribute more than CNY 5 billion to China’s economy. Chemicals are vital for society and with more than 95% of all manufactured products containing inputs from the chemicals industry, Junyuan Petroleum Group of Companies handle around 800,000 tonnes and make over 2,500 deliveries of chemicals each year.

Health and safety, people and sustainability are at the heart of what we do, and we lead and participate in many initiatives such as the ‘Responsible Care Programme’ which we have been part of since 2006.

Junyuan Petroleum Group is the voice of China chemical supply chain.

How to Comply with Chemicals Control Act (CCA) in Korea

If you export a chemical product to South Korea, you not only need to comply with K-REACH, but also need to comply with Korean Chemicals Control Act (CCA). The CCA (previously toxic chemicals control act or TCCA) passed national assembly in May in 2013 and it comes into force in Jan 2015. It is a new law focusing on chemical reporting and chemical accident prevention. In this article, we will summarize the major obligations of chemical manufacturers and importers under CCA and how to prepare a letter of confirmation for CCA.

Obligations of Chemical Manufacturers and Importers

While CCA has also set out many obligations for government bodies, we will only focus on how to comply with CCA from an industry perspective and how to prepare the confirmation of chemicals under article 9.

Scope of CCA

The CCA does not apply to:

1. Radioactive substances;
2. Medicines and non-pharmaceutical of the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act;
3. Narcotics under subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the Act on the Control of Narcotics, etc.;
4. Cosmetics and raw materials used for cosmetics under subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the Cosmetics Act;
5. Pesticides and technical ingredients under subparagraphs 1 and 3 of Article 2 of the Pesticide Control Act;
6. Fertilizers under subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the Fertilizer Control Act;
7. Foods, food additives, appliances, containers, and packages under subparagraphs 1, 2, 4, and 5 of Article 2 of the Food Sanitation Act;
8. Livestock feed under subparagraph 1 of Article 2 of the Control of Livestock and Fish Feed Act;
9. Explosives under Article 2 (3) of the Control of Firearms, Knives, Swords, Explosives, etc. Act;
10. Military supplies (excluding conventional items) under Article the Act on the Management of Military Supplies;
11. Functional health foods under subparagraph 1 of Article 3 of the Functional Health Foods Act;
12. Medical devices under Article 2 (1) of the Medical Devices Act;
13. Toxic gases under the High-Pressure Gas Safety Control Act.

How to Comply with CCA

Firstly, you need to check the regulatory status of all substances in your chemical product, indicate wether your product contains any regulated substance below and submit the details to Korea Chemicals Management Association (KCMA) prior to manufacture or import. 

1. Existing chemical substances subject to registration under K-REACH;
2. New chemical substances under K-REACH;
3. Toxic substances;
4. Substances requiring permission;
5. Restricted substances;
6. Prohibited substances;
7. Substances requiring preparation for accidents.

You can click the following link, input the English name or CAS no. to check the regulatory status of each substance. 

• http://ncis.nier.go.kr/main/Main.jsp

Secondly, you need to get additional approval if your product contains any regulated substance above. If your product contains any new substances or existing substances subject to registration, you need to register them with the national institute of enviromental research (NIER). If your product contains restricted or prohibited substances, you need to obtain prior permission from regional environmental office. If you manufacture or import toxic chemicals, you need to declare its kind and use to the regional environmental office.

Finally, you need to label your products correctly and ensure that your handling facilities meet all criteria or requirements set out in the CCA.

Letter of Confirmation for Manufacture and Importation

Manufacturer or Importer of chemicals shall submit a Written Confirmation of Details for Chemical Product to KCMA after conducting careful self-evaluation. Only one submission is needed for each product. If importers do not know detailed product composition, they could request suppliers to issue a signed confirmation letter confirming whether the product contains any regulated substance. The example of the confirmation letter is given below.

If you do not know how to check the regulatory status of each substance in your product, you could also apply for MoE to issue a confirmation certificate. You need to provide 100% product composition for this application. 

Declaration of Imported Toxic Substances

If you intend to import a toxic substance into South Korea, you must disclose its kind and purpose to Regional Environmental Office.

References

• CHEMICALS CONTROL ACT – English
• ENFORCEMENT RULE OF THE CHEMICALS CONTROL ACT – English

The increasing demand for foam insulation is notably driving the market growth. In the automotive industry, foam insulation is extensively used to manufacture different automotive parts such as side skirts, wiper cowls, roll pans, and bumpers. In the construction industry, polyurethane foams are also used as weatherproof sealants. They form a seamless layer of insulation and cover irregular and hard-to-insulate shapes. Therefore, such factors will fuel the global market growth during the forecast period.

However, fluctuation in crude oil prices is challenging the market growth. A wide range of raw materials, such as diisocyanate, are used to produce polyurethane foams. Diisocyanate is a key reactive material required to produce polyurethane foam. Some of the most widely used isocyanates for polyurethane foam production include toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polymeric isocyanate. These isocyanates are produced from benzene and its derivatives, which are manufactured from crude oil. However, the volatility in crude oil prices adversely affects the cost of these raw materials, which, in turn, impacts the manufacturing cost. As a result, vendors adopt various cost-cutting measures. These factors will hinder the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Foam insulation market: Competitive landscape and vendor analysis

Technavio’s report includes the adoption lifecycle of the market, covering from the innovator’s stage to the laggard’s stage. It focuses on adoption rates in different regions based on penetration. Furthermore, the report also includes key purchase criteria and drivers of price sensitivity to help companies evaluate and develop their growth strategies.

Some of the major players operating in the foam insulation market are Alaska PUF Industries, Alpers Insulation, Armacell International SA, Asahi Kasei Corp., BASF SE, Berkshire Hathaway Inc., Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA, Covestro AG, DuPont de Nemours Inc., Elastochem Specialty Chemicals Inc., Green Insulation Technologies, Huntsman Corp., Isothane Ltd., Kingspan Group Plc, Owens Corning, Paulsen Insulation Co. LLC, Profoam Corp., Puff Inc., Ravago, Southern Foam Insulation, TN International, and Williams Insulation Inc., among others.

N Hexane, Grade Standard: Technical Grade at CNY 1,0300 /MT.

n-Hexane prices are estimated at USD 1537/MT in March 2023.

The current average market price of Hexane Chemical is Rs 12,000/ Barrel.

n-Hexane is a colorless liquid with a Gasoline-like odor. The commercial product is a mixture of Hexanes and small amounts of other chemicals. n-Hexane is used in laboratories and as a solvent to remove vegetable oils from crops. It is also found in Gasoline and rubber cement.

Virtually all n-hexane is obtained from petroleum mixtures through controlled fractional distillation and other refinery-based processes (Speight 1991). n-Hexane can also be synthesized from sugar cane wastes using special catalysts (SUCRON 1996).

Hexane has a branched structure and n-hexane has an unbranched structure. The results in hexane having a lower boiling point and n-hexane having a higher boiling point when compared to each other.

Updated on: February 2, 2023
Cyclopentane
Average price this week: CNY 14,000 (USD2,157.26)
Average price of this month: CNY 14,000 (USD2,157.26)
Enterprise price: CNY 14,000 (USD2,157.26)
Up and down value: 0
Up and down: 0%

2023/02/02. USD TO CNY TODAY.

Actual USD to CNY exchange rate equal to 6.7225 Chinese Yuans per 1 Dollar. Today’s range: 6.7075-6.7401. Previous day close: 6.7400. Change for today -0.0175, -0.26%.

• CYCLOPENTANE
• A clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Flash point of -35°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air.
• CAS Number: 287-92-3
• UN/NA Number: 1146
• NIOSH Pocket Guide: Cyclopentane
• International Chem Safety Card: CYCLOPENTANE

Highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon

Green blowing agent

Description 
Cyclopentane is used as green blowing agent and involved in the production of polyurethane insulating foam, which is used in refrigerators, freezers, water heaters, construction panels, insulated pipes and roofs. As a lubricant, it finds applications in computer hard drives and outer space equipment due to its low volatile nature.
Manufacturer: Junyuan Petroleum Group
Incoterms:  EXW, FOB, CIF
Payment Terms: T/T and LC

Cyclopentane (also called C pentane) is a highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C 5 H 10 and CAS number 287-92-3, consisting of a ring of five carbon atoms each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane. It occurs as a colorless liquid with a petrol -like odor.
Chemical formula: C₅H₁₀
Melting point: −93.9 °C (−137.0 °F; 179.2 K)
Molar mass: 70.1 g/mol
Solubility in water: 156 mg·l−1 (25 °C)

Malaysia Isohexane market size is forecast to reach US$1.321 million by 2026, after growing at a CAGR of 5.6% during 2021-2026. The most common solvents found in construction are: • white spirit – in paints, varnishes and cleaning products; • xylene – in paints and adhesives; • 1-butanol – in natural and synthetic resins, paints and lacquers.

Malaysian Chemicals Manufacturing Revenue is set to reach 8.85 Percent of Manufacturing Value Added by 2026 from 9.3 Percent of Manufacturing Value Added in 2021, falling by 0.8 points year on year CAGR. Since 1973, Malaysian market fell by 1.3 points year on year. Imports In 2022, Malaysia imported $52.3M in Organic Composite Solvents, becoming the 13th largest importer of Organic Composite Solvents in the world.

Types of Solvents
1. Polar Solvents.
2. Nonpolar Solvents.
3. Aprotic Solvents.
4. Protic Solvents.

Since its incorporation in 2005, Junyuan Petroleum Group has emerged as a large size supplier for Hexane series products such as n-Hexane and Isohexane in Malaysia. Junyuan Petroleum Group also has ability to supply Isohexane for clients outside of the following list of countries: Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, United States, Fiji, Papua new Guinea, Canada, Mexico, French Polynesia, Soloman Islands, New Caledonia, United Kingdom.

As per SinoPetrochem’s Malaysia Import data, Isohexane suppliers import shipments in Malaysia stood at 29, imported by 6 Malaysia Importers from 6 Suppliers.
Malaysia imports most of its n-Hexane and Isohexane from China, India, United States and is one the largest importer of Isohexane and n-Hexane in the World.
These facts are updated till January 31, 2023, and are based on SinoPetrochem’s Malaysia Import data of Hexanes sourced from 70 countries export import shipments with names of buyers, suppliers, top Decision maker’s contact information like Direct, phone, email and LinkedIn profiles.

What is Isohexane?

Isohexane, also known as 2-methylpentane, is a colorless liquid. The chemical is a six-carbon chain with a branching methyl hydrocarbon group coming off of it. It is a highly non-polar chemical, as it only consists of hydrogens and carbons, neither of which have a high electrical pull, meaning they are both uncharged.

Is Isohexane Safe?

This is a highly flammable chemical. While it is unreactive on its own, it should be kept away from heat and flame, as it will almost immediately catch on fire.

Due to isohexane’s non-polar nature, it is a good solvent for removing fats and oils from substances. Because of this, it can cause dryness and cracking in skin when there is prolonged or repeated contact with the skin. This generally happens when it comes into contact with the hands, and thus gloves should be used whenever handling this chemical.

Isohexane is also an irritant, as most chemicals are. It is irritating to the eyes and skin when they come into contact with the chemical. More seriously, this chemical can cause central nervous system depression. When one comes into contact with isohexane in high concentrations or for a long period of time, loss of consciousness may occur.

Proper precautions, such as wearing safety goggles, using the chemical in an area with good ventilation and removing flame from the work area, along with storing the chemical properly can reduce the possibility of harm coming to those utilizing the chemical.

What is Isohexane Used in?

Isohexane is used in a wide variety of different substances found in everyday life. This includes, but is not limited to:

• Gasoline
• Glues
• Shoes
• Leather products
• Roofing products
• Extraction of oils
• Cleansing agents for leather
• Furniture manufacturing
• Textile manufacturing

Questions?

Have questions about isohexane? Contact our team of scientists today! We are happy to answer all of your questions and match you with the Isohexane for your needs!

The market for n-Heptane in China is showing strong growth this quarter. This increase is due to several factors, including increased demand for octane-boosting agents, higher global crude oil prices, and an overall increase in automobile sales across the country.

n-Heptane is primarily used as an ingredient in paint thinners, but it also has other uses, such as being used as an industrial solvent or as part of brake fluid formulations. The largest consumer market for the n-Heptane product is the automotive industry, and the uptick in demand is pushing prices up, and more businesses are opting for this highly efficient product over traditional alternatives like butane or propane.

According to the observations by SinoPetrochem, n-Heptane prices are growing in China last month and have grown by almost 8% till now. This is great news for the industry, as it means that companies can continue to invest in their products without worrying about price increases from their raw materials.

This increase comes at a time when many were beginning to worry about the health of the chemical industry; with so much focus on pollution, some were afraid that China would enact stricter environmental laws that would hurt business profitability. However, these fears have been allayed by the fact that no new laws or regulations have been passed recently, and any updates on this front will be available in advance so that companies can plan accordingly.

The price increase can be attributed to the tight supply of n-Heptane, which is caused by the economic recovery, the large area recovery of production of terminal pharmaceutical plants and chemical enterprises, and the extremely increased demand. The significant increase in the average production of n-Heptane is also due to the complete cancellation of the dynamic zeroing strategy by the provincial governments.

While manufacturers were initially concerned about price fluctuations due to sanctions placed on China by the United States government, those worries have been alleviated by increased trade between these two countries, with American businesses seeking out n-Heptane as well as Chinese suppliers looking to sell this product at higher prices than they would be able to get domestically.

As on January 31, 2023, the cost of n-Heptane in China market stood at USD 1,503 per MT on a FOB Qingdao basis.

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