The geothermal dual flow power generation system is a kind of power generation system which uses low boiling point medium as the working medium to drive the turbine. So far, it can make the medium and low temperature geothermal fluid which is difficult to use for power generation. In March 2006, the operation test of the machine began. After the Junyuan’s Isopentane is heated in the preheater, it changes from liquid to gas (Isopentane steam) in the evaporator and enters the turbine to make the generator rotate and generate electricity.

Please contact us at +8617810300898 or email us at info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com or click this link to submit your quote request for pentanes, hexanes, heptanes, octanes and D solvents: https://junyuanpetroleumgroup.com/request-a-quote/

At the end of power generation, the Isopentane flowing out of the turbine is cooled and liquefied in the air-cooled condenser, and then sent to the preheater by the medium circulating pump. The Isopentane system is a closed cycle system, which will not be discharged into the atmosphere due to its recyclability. The geothermal dual flow cycle power generation system uses Isopentane from Junyuan to promote and expand the utilization of geothermal energy in Japan and around the world.

Energy from the geothermal fluid is transferred to isopentane on the tube side of the heat exchanger to power a two-stage steam turbine with a direct-connected generator turning at 1,800 rpm. In other words, it’s a typical Rankine cycle. Isopentane is used because it vaporizes at lower temperatures and higher pressures than water, making it an ideal working fluid for recovering energy from low-temperature geothermal fluids . The vaporous isopentane is condensed and heat is rejected through a conventional four-cell cooling tower.

Organic power. Ormat supplied the organic Rankine cycle that uses the geothermal resource to produce electrical power. The working fluid is isopentane.

Processes and applications
Binary Cycle Geothermal Plant Organic Rankine or Kalina Cycle
Binary cycle processes are quite frequent nowadays to make use of the medium enthalpy hydrothermal resources available in the underground. A secondary working fluid having a flashing point at much lower temperature is heated-up by the hydrothermal resource and then expanded in a thermal turbine to drive an electric generator.

Binary Cycle Geothermal Plant Organic Rankine or Kalina Cycle
A binary cycle plant transfers heat from the hot geothermal fluid (105°C < T < 185°C) that is sent through a heat exchanger to vaporize a secondary working fluid such as pentane, iso-butane in the Organic Rankine Cycle, or ammonia in the Kalina Cycle. The working fluid is then expanded in a turbine, condensed and reheated in a closed loop cycle. The brine is disposed of by re-injection into the ground. The system supports these processes with Production pumps (PP), Brine Re-Injection pumps (BRIP), Hydrocarbon Feed pumps (HFP), Cooling Water pumps (CWP) and auxiliary pumps.

Isopentane – ( i-C5H12 )

Colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor. Floats on water. Flammable, irritating vapor is produced.

N-pentane – ( n-C5H12 )

A clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Flash point 57°F. Boiling point 97°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors are heavier than air. 

Junyuan Petroleum Group is a renowned business entity, engaged in manufacturing and supplying of a wide range of Solvents and Chemicals. We offer the clients with n-Pentane, Isopentane, Pentane Blends, n-Hexane, Isohexane, n-Heptane, n-Octane and D solvents.

For a price quote or sales questions please send an email with your request to info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com or call us at +8617810300898 (WhatsApp).

Top 100 Chemical Distributors: listing
Author: Joseph Chang

Correction: In the article headlined “Top 100 Chemical Distributors: listing,” please read, in the entry on Univar, “2010 Sales: $7.9bn,” instead of “2010 Sales: $7.2bn,” and in the entry on Azelis, “2010 Sales: €1.167bn,” instead of “2010 Sales: €1.07bn.” A corrected story follows.

1 BRENNTAG GROUP
2010 Sales: €7.6bn ($10.1bn)
Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
CEO: Steven Holland
Products: Coatings chemicals, food ingredients, oilfield chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, personal care chemicals and water treatment chemicals
Services: Just-in-time delivery, product mixing, formulation, repackaging, inventory management and drum return handling, and technical supportAssets: More than 400 sites in over 70 countries

2 UNIVAR
2010 Sales: $7.9bn
Redmond, Washington, US
President and CEO: John Zillmer
Products: Alcohols, aliphatics, alkalis, amines, aromatics, ascorbic acid, catalysts, caustic potash, caustic soda, epoxy resins, glycols, mineral acids, oxidizers, performance polymers, phosphates, silicones, sodium hypochlorite, solvents, surfactants, sweeteners and texture modifiers

3 HELM
2010 Sales: €4.2bn ($5.56bn)
Hamburg, German
CEO: Dieter Schnabel
Products: Feedstocks, organic and inorganic chemicals, polymers, polyurethane products and specialty chemicals
Services: International marketing, distribution, logistics, production, scientific and technical services

4 NEXEO SOLUTIONS
2010 Sales: $3.4BN
Dublin, Ohio, US
President: David Bradley
Products: Adhesives and sealants, catalysts, gelcoats, inks and printing materials, lubricant additives, metalworking chemicals, paints and coatings materials, personal care ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients, polymers, reinforcements, resins, solvents, specialty and industrial chemicals and thermoplastics
Services: Packaging
Assets: Sixty-three owned or leased facilities; 68 third-party warehouses, rail terminals and tank terminals; three locations that perform contract packaging activities

5 ICC CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $1.7BN
New York, New York, US
President: Naveen Chandra
Products: Acrylonitrile, aromatics, glycols, plastics, solvents, specialty chemicals, olefins, oxo alcohols, acrylates and sebacic acid

6 AZELIS
2010 Sales: €1.167bn ($1.55bn)
Antwerp, Belgium
CEO: Joris Coppye
Products: Acidifiers, antioxidants, food and health ingredients, rheology modifiers, emulsifiers, surfactants, actives, fragrances, active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients, monomers, solvents, coatings materials, resins, pigments, fillers, plastic additives and elastomers
Services: Specialized laboratory analysis, sampling activities, blending and formulating, automatic refilling, coloring gelcoat batches, repacking, drumming
Assets: Access to 135 warehouses, of which four are owned, outsourced slitting and sewing facility for collagen cases

7 IMCD GROUP
2010 Sales: €1bn ($1.35bn)
Rotterdam, the Netherlands
CEO: Piet Van der Slikke
Products: More than 16,000, in various market segments including coatings, pharma, food, plastic and rubber, personal care, lubricants, synthesis, detergents and cleaners
Services: Mixing and blending, packaging, storage
Assets: Office locations and warehouses in most European countries, plus Turkey, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, South Africa, India, China, Malaysia, Australia and New Zealand

8 BIESTERFELD
2010 Sales: €837m ($1.21bn)
Hamburg, Germany
President and CEO: Birger Kuck
Products: Engineering polymers, acrylates, standard polymers, rubber and rubber additives, additives and specialty chemicals for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, detergents, construction, lubricants, oil drilling, solar, electronics, coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers, food ingredients, composites, plant protection products, fertilizers and pharmaceutical raw materials for animal nutrition and healthcare
Services: Blending, packaging, storing, mixing, chemical consultancy and advisory services for Europe’s Reach regulation, legal compliance
Assets: Mixing, blending and storage facilities for solid and liquid chemicals

9 DKSH
2010 Sales: Swfr749m ($796m)
Zurich, Switzerland
Business unit head: Mario Preissler
Products: Specicalty chemicals and ingredients for the following industries: personal care, pharma, food and beverage, paints and coatings, graphics and electronics, polymers, fibers and adhesives
Services: Sourcing, marketing, sales, research and development (R&D), logistics, distribution, registration, supplier auditing, Reach consultancy, market research, blending
Assets: Eighteen innovation centers, own distribution centers in selected markets, food ingredient blending plant

10 CONNELL BROTHERS
2010 Sales: $770m
San Francisco, California, US
President: Ted Eliot
Products: Coatings and inks ingredients, plastic and rubber additives, food ingredients, personal and household care chemicals and other industrial specialty chemicals
Services: Logistics, storage, ingredient technology
Assets: Thirty-six offices with warehouses at every location

11 QUIMIDROGA
2010 Sales: €575m ($762m)
Barcelona, Spain
General manager: Vicente Muñoz
Products: Chemicals and polyolefins, fine chemicals and intermediates plus a full range of additives and ingredients for food, feed, pharma, cosmetics, detergents, coatings and solvents
Services: Blending, packaging, dilution, bulk and packed storage, dissolving, storage and delivery of bulk solids and liquids, and global transport
Assets: Five storage sites for liquid and packed products, plus six regional stocks for packed products, three tank cars for local bulk and break-bulk liquid deliveries

12 CALDIC
2010 Sales: €568m ($753m)
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
CEO: O.C. van Caldenborgh
Products: Solvent-based chemicals, acids and alkalis, specialties, food ingredients, functional and aromatic ingredients
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, reformulations, diluting, dispersing, drumming, hydrophobing, sieving, tailor-made development
Assets: Four production sites: Caldic Chemie in Rotterdam, Europoort (storage and handling bio-ethanol and methanol with a capacity of 172,500m3), Caldic Chemie Produktie in Zevenbergen (distillation and blending activities), Caldic Deutschland (Furex), Link Silica in China (precipitated silica). A total of 33 locations in 13 countries in Europe and Asia

13 BARENTZ EUROPE
2010 Sales: €560m ($742m)
Hoofddorp, the Netherlands
CEO: Hidde van der Wal
Products: Food additives, industrial chemicals, pharma ingredients, cosmetic ingredients and animal nutrition products
Services: Production
Assets: Two production/blending facilities

14 TER GROUP
2010 Sales: €470m ($623m)
Hamburg, Germany
CEO: Christian Westphal
Products: Adhesives, cosmetics ingredients, food additives, fiberglass, gum rosin, natural waxes, paints and coatings materials, paper chemicals, plastic additives and specialty chemicals

15 PROTEA CHEMICALS (A division of Omnia Group)
2010 Sales: Rand 4.2bN ($596m)
Bryanston, South Africa
Managing director: Gavin Brimacombe
Products: Solvents, aromatics, olefins, inorganics, acids, chlor-alkali, mining chemicals, refinery chemicals/additives, water treatment chemicals, foods additives, animal feed additives, consumer care chemicals, personal care chemicals, home care chemicals, coatings and polymer additives
Services: Warehousing, logistics, blending, bulk-breaking, bagging, drum filling, vendor site operation
Assets: Warehouses and offices in 18 locations, 52 trucks, 429 liquid storage tanks (including reactors and blending tanks) with total capacity of 8,200m3, rental storage tanks with capacity of 10,400m3

16 PETROCHEM MIDDLE EAST
2010 sales: $592m
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Managing director: Yogesh Mehta
Products: Alcohols, aromatics, aliphatics, amines, aromatics, ascorbic acid, caustic soda, epoxy resins, glycols, glycol ethers, solvents, surfactants, polyamides, phthalates, ketones, esters, monomers, additives
Services: Distribution, tank terminals, blending, drumming
Assets: Distribution facilities in Middle East, Egypt and India. Offices in Dubai, Mumbai, Singapore, Shanghai

17 INDUKERN
2010 Sales: $570M
Barcelona, Spain
Managing director: Daniel Díaz-Varela
Products: Animal health and feed additives, industrial and specialty chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, food ingredients, flavors and fragances and agrochemicals
Services: Technical and regulatory consultancy, special products search, packaging
Assets: Nineteen storage and blending facilities in Spain (6), Portugal (1), central Europe (2), Brazil (5) and Mexico (5); five trucks; 15 forklifts, three sites for warehouse construction

18 STOCKMEIER CHEMIE
2010 Sales: €370m ($490m)
Bielefeld, Germany
President: Peter Stockmeier
Products: Cleaning chemicals, food additives, polyurethane (PU) chemicals, printing inks, solvents, textile and water ­treatment chemicals

19 PRINOVA
(Formerly Premium Ingredients International)
2010 Sales: $480M
Carol Stream, Illinois, US
CEO: Don Thorp
Products: Acidulants, amino acids, antioxidants, aroma chemicals, botanical extracts, essential oils, flavors, flavor enhancers, preservatives, phosphates, nutritional supplements, feed additives, vitamins and sweeteners
Services: Particle-size reduction, granulation, custom blending, R&D solutions
Assets: 10 North American distribution centers, four international distribution centers

20 QUANTIQ
2010 Sales: R697.2m ($418.5m)
Sao Paulo, Brazil
CEO: Edison Terra
Products: Methanol, distillate aromatics, extract oils, xylene, mineral spirits, mineral oil plasticizers, glacial acetic acid, light aromatic solvents, hexanes and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)
Services: Packaging, blending
Assets: Three warehouses

21 SAFIC-ALCAN
2010 Sales: €300M ($397.5M)
Puteaux, France
President and CEO: Martial Lecat
Products: Specialty chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, storage
Assets: One plant, 12 warehouses

22 ACETO
2010 Sales: $378.5m
Port Washington, New York, US
Chairman and CEO: Albert Eilander
Products: Aldehydes, amines, catalysts, chelating agents, flavors and fragrances, food additives, ketones, intermediates, pharmaceutical ingredients, pigments, plasticizers, resins and specialty quats

23 HYDRITE CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $370m
Brookfield, Wisconsin, US
Chairman and CEO: John Honkamp
Products: Chlor-alkali, foam control chemicals, food processing sanitation chemicals, inks and adhesives, liquid sulfites, paints and coatings materials, pulp and paper chemicals, organic chemicals, inorganics, metal finishing chemicals, solvents and water-treatment chemicals
Services: Blending, manufacturing, solvent reclamation, hazardous waste removal, technical training, customer product research
Assets: Five warehouses, 20 trucks, 10 locations, 6m gal bulk storage capacity

24 M. CASSAB
2010 Sales: R597.5m ($358.6m)
Sao Paulo, Brazil
Directors: Victor Cutait Neto, Mario Sergio Cutait
Products: Cosmetic ingredients, feed additives, food additives, household chemical lubricant additives, paints and varnish materials, pharmaceutical ingredients, plastic and rubber additives, PU specialties and textile chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, ­storage, chemical analysis, ­technical support, trading, delivery in 24 hours
Assets: Six warehouses, 17 tanks with capacity of 1,200m3, four feed premix plants, one food premix plant, 11 branches in Brazil, one in Argentina and one in China

25 NORDMANN, RASSMANN
2010 Sales: €270m ($357.7m)
Hamburg, Germany
CEO: Edgar Nordmann
Products: Additives for functional fluids and sheet molding compound/bulk molding compound applications, filtration products, functional fillers/additives, magnesia, pharmaceutical and cosmetic ingredients

26 MANUCHAR
2010 Sales: €268.5M ($355.8M)
Antwerp, Belgium
President and CEO: Philippe Huybrechs
Products: Inorganic and organic chemicals, including specialties
Services: Packaging, storage

27 ARKEM KIMYA
2010 sales $335M
Istanbul, Turkey
President and CEO: Levend Kokuludag
Products: Solvents, aromatics, acrylic esters, glycols, acetyls, ethanol, chlorinated solvents, surfactants, isocynates, phosphates, amines, polyvinyl alcohol, nitrocellulose and titanium dioxide
Services: Blending, packaging, drumming, storage, transportaion, custom’s clearance, financing
Assets: Shore tank terminal with 60,000m3 capacity, 1,000m3 in warehouse space, 25 trucks, 40 trailers

28 DOVECHEM GROUP
2010 Sales: $331M
Singapore
Managing director and CEO: Dato Andrew Ng
Products: Solvents, acrylates, resins, plasticizers, pigments and rubber chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, logistics
Assets: Nine warehouses, 11 sales offices, 257 trucks, three blending facilities, eight bulk liquid storage facilities

29 QUADRA CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $303.7m
Vaudreuil-Dorion, Quebec, Canada
CEO: Tony Infilise
Products: Acids, adhesives and sealants, alcohols, amines, catalysts, chelating agents, chlor-alkali, esters, fatty chemicals, food additives, glycol ethers, hydrogen peroxide, inorganics, institutional maintenance, lubricants, nutritional and functional ingredients, pigments, plasticizers, polyglycols, resins, solvents, specialty quaterniums, surfactants and thickening agents

30 SASIL
2010 Sales: R495.6M ($297.5M)
Salvador, Brazil
President and CEO: Paulo Cavalcanti
Products: Caustic soda, sodium hypochlorite, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium metabisulfite, cyclohexane, formic acid, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and copolyesters
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, cargo transport
Assets: 11,630m2 of warehouse space, 6,235 tonnes of storage capacity, 211 trucks,

31 MULTISOL GROUP
2010 sales: £177.2M ($274.1M)
Nantwich, Cheshire, UK
CEO: Paul Oliphant
Products: High-purity aliphatics, aromatics, alcohols, specialty esters, plasticisers, white oils, coalescing agents, advanced lubricant additives, fuel additive components, process oils, Group II base oils, Group III base stock, Group IV hydrocracked base stock, dyes and markers and high-performance lubricant packages
Services: Technical market development, blending, contract packing, toll manufacturing
Assets: Nantwich headquarters, Greater Manchester operational site, Paris headquarters, Sotteville Les Rouen operational site, Cape Town headquarters

32 HAWKINS
2010 Sales: $273.6m
Minneapolis, Minnesota, US
President: Patrick Hawkins
Products: Water treatment chemicals, agricultural chemicals, processing chemicals, electronic chemicals, food additives and antimicrobials, metal and mining chemicals, paper chemicals, semiconductor chemicals, lab chemicals, cleaning chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, surface finishing chemicals and diesel exhaust fluid
Services: Acid/base reactions, blending, packaging, chemical equipment
Assets: 23 warehouses, 15m gal bulk storage

33 REDA CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $272m
Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
CEO: Abboud Smadi
Products: Specialty chemicals, oil field chemicals, water treatment chemicals, fire suppression chemicals, coatings chemicals and resins, construction chemicals, additives for plastics and rubber, engineering plastics and elastomers, personal care and detergent chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, textile and leather chemicals, food ingredients, feed additives and minerals and other specialty chemicals
Services: 21 sales offices in 17 countries, 25 warehouses, five blending plants, six testing labs

34 CANADA COLORS AND CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $267m
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
President: David Emerson
Products: Coatings specialties, environmental and water-treatment chemicals, food ingredients, inorganics, mining chemicals, oilfield chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, polymer additives, pulp and paper chemicals and solvents
Services: Packaging, trans-loading, storage, blending
Assets: Nine warehouses, 20 trucks

35 CAMPI Y JOVE
2010 Sales: €196m ($259.7m)
Barcelona, Spain
Managing director: Ramon Jove Pons
Products: Coatings chemicals, adhesives, sealants, composite chemicals, home care chemicals, detergents, lubricants, metalworking chemicals, cosmetic ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients, water treatment chemicals, pulp and paper chemicals, construction chemicals, textile effects, polyurethane chemicals and PVC additives
Services: Warehousing, packaging and drumming, blending, dilutions, logistics
Assets: Warehouses in Spain (Barcelona, Madrid, Navarra), Portugal (Lisbon), Morocco (Mohammedia), Tunisia (Port Rades and SFAX)

36 EMCO CHEMICAL DISTRIBUTORS
2010 Sales: $257.7m
North Chicago, Illinois, US
President and CEO: Edward Polen
Products: Adhesives, coatings, elastomers and sealant ingredients, lubricant additives, metalworking chemicals, cleaning and detergent chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, personal care ingredients, resins, solvents, inorganics and surfactants
Services: Technical services, blending, contract packaging, terminaling, waste services
Assets: Public warehouses in Minneapolis, Minnesota and Mishawaka, Indiana, US; fleet of 25 power units and 60 trailers

37 TENNANTS DISTRIBUTION
(And associated group distribution companies)
2010 sales £165m ($255.3m)
Manchester, UK
Managing directors: Andrew Mitchell and Stuart Alexander
Products: Acids and alkalis, animal feed raw materials, fatty acids, alcohols and esters, flotation reagents, food additives and flavors, general chemicals, Greenox AdBlue, personal care chemicals, pharmaceutical products, polymers, resins, solvents, specialty products, surfactants and water treatment chemicals
Services: Warehousing and storage, repackaging, blending, formulating, relabeling
Assets: 20 sites (including warehousing and storage), own vehicles

38 INTERSTATE CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $241m
Hermitage, Pennsylvania, US
Chairman, president and CEO: Albert R. Puntureri
Products: Alcohols, caustic soda, acids, solvents, ketones, glycols, ethers, esters, catalysts, plasticizers, resins, hydrogen peroxide, adhesives and sealants, chlorinated solvents and fatty chemicals
Services: Toll manufacturing, blending, hazardous waste services, technical training, contract packaging, safety training, river terminal services (tankage and logistics)
Assets: Total storage of 23.5m gal, tank farms in six locations in the US, two river terminal locations in the US, warehouse capacity of 530,000 square feet, 150 tractors, 135 tankers, 60 trailers

39 LEHMANN & VOSS
2010 Sales: €180m ($238.5m)
Hamburg, Germany
Managing partners: Wolfgang Jarre and Knut Breede
Products: Carbon blacks, high-performance compounds, inks and adhesives materials, masterbatches for plastics, rubber chemicals and coatings

40 L.V. LOMAS
2010 Sales: $231M
Brampton, Ontario, Canada
President: Kevin Russell
Products: Cellulosics, surfactants, hydrocolloids, synthetic polymers, starches, esters, acidulants, vegetable oils, fibers, polyols, oleochemicals, resins, pigments and colorants, naphthenic process oils and minerals
Services: Storage, technical sales and marketing with Canada-wide coverage, blending, delivery, third party logistics (3PL) services, packaging, freight management, co-packing, retail display and point-of-purchase display assembly, regulatory affairs expertise
Assets: Seven warehouses totaling 619,327 square feet, 10 tractors, 17 trailers, two tankers, one fixed-axle truck

41 KODA DISTRIBUTION GROUP
2010 Sales: $230m
Garland, Texas, US
President and CEO: Robert Spadoni
Products: Adhesives and sealants, construction chemicals, coating materials, pigments, personal care chemicals, resins, surfactants, additives, plasticizers, food additives, thickening agents, rheology modifiers, acids, amines and lubricant additives
Services: Technical sales, warehousing and logistics, formulations, lab services
Assets: Fifty regional warehouses, 20 trucks, six regional technical labs

42 ATLANTIC CHEMICALS TRADING
2010 sales $230M
Hamburg, Germany
President and CEO: Ramin Ghaffari
Products: Vitamins, amino acids, sweeteners, caffeine, taurine, carnitine, preservatives, flavors and fragrances, potassium sorbate, acesulfame-K, feed and food additives
Services: Repacking, customizing, global supply chain services
Assets: 13 offices worldwide

43 EIGENMANN & VERONELLI
2010 Sales: €173m ($229m)
Milan, Italy
President: Giovanni Bestetti
Products: Adhesives, construction chemicals, cosmetic ingredients, detergent ingredients, food ingredients, industrial chemicals, leather chemicals, paper chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, plastic additives, PU chemicals, rubber chemicals, surface coatings and textile chemicals

44 PLUSCHEM EEIG
(European Economic Interest Group)
2010 sales €165M ($218M)
Dublin, Ireland
President: Alan Looney
Products: Specialty chemicals, fine chemicals, food and feed ingredients/raw materials, inorganic chemicals, pharma intermediates, solvents, coating additives, plastic additives, rubbers, plastics and adhesive raw materials
Services: Storage, repacking
Assets: Two warehouse locations in Barcelona and Paris, third-party warehousing in the UK, Ireland, Italy and Germany

45 ARCHWAY SALES
2010 Sales: $210m
St. Louis, Missouri, US
President: John Baumstark
Products: Coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomer (CASE) urethanes, specialty resins, pigments, flame retardants, specialty additives, fillers, adhesives and sealants, amines, lubricants, plasticizers, surfactants, thickening agents, corrosion inhibitors and biocides
Services: Repackaging, blending, bulk storage, public warehousing
Assets: 16 warehouses

46 GRUPO POCHTECA
2010 Sales: $209m
Mexico City, Mexico
Executive director: Eugenio Manzano
Products: Coatings, lubricants, food ingredients, inorganic chemicals, solvents, polymers, silicones and specialty chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, storage and logistic solutions, product application and development labs
Assets: 100+ unit fleet, 230,000m2 of facilities in 34 cities, 14m liter bulk storage capacity

47 THE PLAZA GROUP
2010 Sales: $198m
Houston, Texas, US
President: Randy Velarde
Products: Acetone, aromatic solvents, benzene, ethyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, phenol, specialty polymers, toluene and xylenes
Services: Market development, complete customer service, logistics, rate negotiation, inventory management, administration, and assurance

48 PVS CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $197m
Detroit, Michigan, US
President and CEO: James Nicholson
Products: Agricultural chemicals, biofuel process chemicals, caustic soda, food additives, green chemicals, heat transfer chemicals, hydrogen peroxide, household, industrial and institutional cleaning chemicals, metal finishing chemicals, mineral acids and water treatment chemicals

49 E.T. HORN
2010 Sales: $196m
La Mirada, California, US
CEO: Gene Alley
Products: Paints and coatings chemicals, composite chemicals, elastomers, adhesives, electronic chemicals, lube/metalworking fluids, food and nutrition ingredients, cosmetics/personal care chemicals, household, industrial and institutional (HI&I) chemicals and animal wellness ingredients
Services: Toll blending/production and packaging of food, nutritional and animal wellness items
Assets: 12 warehouse locations, four trucks.

50 ECEM EUROPEAN CHEMICAL MARKETING
2010 Sales: €147M ($194.9M)
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
CEO: Barend Barendse
Products: Acrylic acid, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, ethyl and methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylic acid, butyl methacrylate, hydroxy acrylates and methacrylates, isocyanates, coatings and adhesives chemicals

51 WEGO CHEMICAL & MINERAL
2010 Sales: $193m
Great Neck, New York, US
Co-principals: Bert Eshaghpour and Edward Khalily
Products: Agricultural chemicals, cosmetics ingredients, personal care ingredients, detergent chemicals, compounding chemicals, food, feed and beverage ingredients, oilfield chemicals, mining chemicals, plastics and resins additives, pulp and paper chemicals, textile chemicals, pool and water treatment chemicals
Services: Logistics, warehousing, outsourcing
Assets: 30 warehouse locations

52 BANDEIRANTE BRAZMO
2010 Sales: R320m ($192.1m)
Maua, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Managing director: Fabio Rios Faberland
Products: Additives, titanium dioxide, specialty resins, carbon black, aliphatic and aromatic solvents, oxygenated solvents, tailor-made blends, household and personal care chemicals, silicas, specialty loads, amines, agricultural chemicals, white oils, plastic and resin additives, epoxy resins, mining chemicals and pharmaceutical ingredients
Services: Blending (solid and liquid), packaging, storage, agency sales (indent sales), fractioning, technical assistance, formulation, third-party logistics
Assets: 11 branches covering Brazil, 20,000m2 of warehouses, 1,200m2 of application laboratories, 90 tanks with 9,000m3 of capacity, 1,000 intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), truck fleet

53 M.F. CACHAT
2010 Sales: $187M
Lakewood, Ohio, US
President: John Mastrantoni
Products: Adhesives and sealants, catalysts, food additives, inorganics, ketones, pigments, plasticizers, resins, surfactants, thickening agents
Services: Storage, packaging, technical support
Assets: 11 warehouses

54 MARUBENI SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $178M
White Plains, New York, US
President: Yoshihiro Ono; Managing Director: Sean Macdonald
Products: Acids, amino acids, coatings materials, food and feed additives, crop protection chemicals and fertilizers, organic/inorganic chemicals, pharmaceutical active ingredients, plastics, polyurethane chemicals, specialty chemicals and vitamins

55 MAYS CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $172m
Indianapolis, Indiana, US
President and CEO: William Mays
Products: Acids, adhesives and sealants, alcohols, amines, chlor-alkali, esters, fatty chemicals, flavors and fragrances, food additives, glycol ethers, hydrogen peroxide, industrial gases, inorganics, lubricants, pigments, plasticizers, polyglycols, resins and solvents

56 SUPERIOR SOLVENTS & CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $168m
Indianapolis, Indiana, US
President: Ray Roembke
Products: Alcohols, amines, catalysts, chlorinated solvents, esters, glycol ethers, institutional maintenance, ketones, plasticizers, polyglycols, solvents, surfactants, aqueous cleaners, unsaturated polyester resin and fiberglass
Services: Manufacturing, solvent reclamation, blending, contract packaging
Assets: 11 distribution facilities, 52 tractors, 75 box trailers, 55 bulk tankers, 2.5m gal bulk storage

57 NORKEM
2010 Sales: £102m ($158m)
Cheshire, UK
Chairman: M.J. Smith
Products: Iodine and iodine salts, zinc oxide and zinc salts, manganese sulfate and manganese salts, copper salts, barium carbonate, citric acid, chrome salts, potassium carbonate and hydroxide, sodium silicofluoride, food chemicals, pharmaceutical intermediates and feed chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, manufacturing, liquid suspensions, liquid solutions
Assets: Factory in Spain

58 ALCAN INTERNATIONAL NETWORK
2010 Sales: $152M
Paris, France
Managing directors: Hugo Galletta (Americas), Henri-Marc Perrin (Europe, Middle East), Jason Yu (Asia Pacific)
Products: Semiconductor chemicals, oilfield chemicals, water treatment chemicals and coatings, agrochemicals, flame retardants, food and beverage ingredients, personal care chemicals, active pharmaceutical ingredients, organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, specialty and fine chemicals
Services: Custom manufacturing, packaging, blending, technical support, regulatory support, market research, logistics

59 2M HOLDINGS
(2M Holdings: Banner Chemicals SURFACHEM)
2010 Sales: £80m ($150m)
Runcorn, UK; West Yorkshire, UK
CEO: Mottie Kessler
Products: Oilfield, precision engineering and electronic cleaning chemicals, personal care, car care, home care ingredients, pharmaceuticals, paint and coating ingredients and pigments
Services: Blending, packaging, storage. samples management
Assets: Five distribution centers, including China

60 ARPADIS CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: €111.3M ($147.5M)
Antwerp, Belgium
Chairman: Laurent Abergel
Products: Solvents, polyurethanes, acrylates and monomers, glycols, ethanolamines, phosphonates, resins, pigments and additives and synthetic resin intermediates
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, polymerization
Assets: Two warehouses – one in Manage, Belgium, and one in Gondecourt, France

61 ALGOL CHEMICALS
20162 0 Sales: €109.5m ($145m)
Espoo, Finland
Managing director: Raul Henriksson
Products: Paints and coatings ­chemicals, construction chemicals, specialty polymers and additives, rubber chemicals, metal surface treatment chemicals, food and feed additives, pharmaceutical ingredients, mining chemicals and water treatment chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, laboratory services
Assets: 15 sales offices, 14 warehouses and two laboratories across 10 countries

62 HAEFFNER & CO.
2010 Sales: €109m ($144m)
Asperg, Germany
CFO Juergen Martin; CE0 Derk Proff
Products: Water treatment chemicals, paint and coating additives, food and health ingredients and metal treatment chemicals, personal care ingredients and lubricant additives
Services: Drumming, blending, storage
Assets: Three warehouse facilities with tank farm for acid and lyes, solvents, 20 trucks

63 BARTON SOLVENTS
2010 Sales: $138.5m
Des Moines, Iowa, US
President: David Casten
Products: Industrial chemicals, ethyl alcohol – pure, articles and specialty denatured ethyl alcohol (SDAs), oils, plasticizers, solvents, food ingredients, specialties and surfactants
Services: Bulk and package delivery, custom packaging, custom blending, hazardous waste transportation, technical support
Assets: Six Midwest bulk and package locations, rail access, delivery fleet of 74 trucks and 124 trailers

64 CSD-STARTEX
2010 Sales: $133.m
Conroe, Texas. US
President: Jim Lombardi
Products: Aromatics, aliphatics, ketones, glycol ethers, glycols, ­surfactants, silicones, chlorinated solvents, esters and acetates, base oils, specialty lubricants, amines, inorganics, alcohols and plasticizers
Assets: Three warehouses, 22 trucks, 34 trailers

65 CHEMICALS INC. (CHEMGROUP)
2010 Sales: $121.1M
Fairfield, Ohio, US
President: Marty Wehr
Products: Acids, chlor-alkali, alcohols, solvents, surfactants, hydrogen peroxide, soda ash, sodium hypochlorite, amines, industrial gases, water treatment chemicals, borates, sodium formate and magnesium hydroxide
Services: Blending, solvent reclamation, storage, technical training, safety training
Assets: Seven warehouses, 21 trucks, eight vans, seven tankers, 3.15m gal bulk storage, 320,000 square foot warehouse

66 CSC JAEKLECHEMIE
2010 Sales: €90.2m ($119.6m)
Nuremberg, Germany
CEO: Robert Spath, Bernd Kurth
Products: Acids, alkaline solutions, solvents, solids, specialities, food and nutrition ingredients, feed additives, water treatment chemicals, coatings chemicals, adhesives and sealants and cleaning chemicals
Services: Warehousing, inventory management, technical expertise, field service, blending, repackaging, waste disposal, trucking
Assets: Storing, filling and trans-shipment site, warehouse ad laboratory for quality assurance, seven tank wagons for chemicals, 15 trucks

67 VELOX
2010 Sales: €90M ($119M)
Hamburg, Germany
President and CEO: Bernard Goursaud, Owners Max Schlenzig, Francois Minec
Products: Specialty additives, pigments, fillers, resins, antioxidants, accelerators, flame retardants, binders, fibers and rubber chemicals
Services: Repacking, storage, sampling, business development

68 SELECTCHEMIE
2010 Sales: Swfr110m ($117m)
Zurich, Switzerland
CEO: Peter Kaufmann
Products: Active pharmaceutical ingredients, pharmaceutical excipients, nutritional ingredients and feed ingredients
Services: Consulting, regulatory affairs, formulation support, logistics

69 ARINOS QUIMICA
2010 Sales: $115.8m
Osasco, Sao Paulo, Brazil
CEO: Mateos Dias
Products: Resins, pigments, aromatic and aliphatic solvents, isocyanates, polyols, flavors, surfactants, alcohols, acrylates, specialty chemicals, acids, food additives, specialty coatings and additives
Services: Drumming, warehousing, sampling, logistics, repackging, portioning USP products (solids and liquids), waste management, blending, hazardous materials handling
Assets: Two warehouses in Recife and Itajai, Brazil, USP white rooms

70 SPECIAL MATERIALS CO..
2010 Sales: $115.3M
New York, US
President and CEO: Adam Feldman
Products: Phosphorous derivatives, VOC-compliant solutions, paper and pulp chemicals, cyanide salts, photoimaging chemicals, glass-etching acids, chemical intermediates and raw materials
Services: Blending, formulating, grinding, packaging, storage
Assets: 14 warehouses

71 HARKE GROUP
2010 sales €85M ($112.6M)
Muelheim an der Ruhr, Germany
Owner: Thorsten Harke
Products: Cleaning and detergent chemicals, coatings, electronic chemicals, food ingredients, health and functional food, industrial chemicals, personal care ingredients, pharma excipients, phosphates, plastics, speciality films, specialty chemicals, synthetic polymers, water-soluble films and water treatment chemicals
Services: Packaging, storage, blending, mixing, refilling, consulting, sales marketing
Assets: Warehouse, packaging machines, filling stations, tanks

72 SOLVCHEM
2010 Sales: $112m
Pearland, Texas, US
Executive vice president: Mark Hacas
Products: Epoxies, silicone emulsions and vinyl acetate monomer (VAM)
Services: Manufacturing, blending, technical training, customer product research, contract packing, safety training
Assets: Eight trucks, 10 trailers, 10 tankers, four railcars

73 ALLCHEM INDUSTRIES
2010 Sales: $110m
Gainesville, Florida, US
CEO: Josh Feldstein
Products: Industrial chemicals, petroleum additives and water treatment chemicals
Services: Private label packaging
Assets: Warehousing and packaging facility in Corsicana, Texas

74 H.M. ROYAL
2010 Sales: $109.2m
Trenton, New Jersey, US
President: Joseph Royal
Products: Polymers and resins, processing aids and plasticizers, performance additives, flame retardants/smoke suppressants, films and wrapping tapes, curing agents, fillers and reinforcements, rheology modifiers, pigments and dispersions and rubber to metal adhesives
Services: Sales development, relationship management, warehousing
Assets: Two warehouses, 15 sales offices, 12 stocking locations

75 GACHES CHIMIE
2010 sales: €80m ($106m)
Toulouse, France
President and CEO: Pierre Gaches
Products: Organic and inorganic chemicals, aeronational specialties, composites, silicones and water treatment chemicals
Services: Laboratory analysis for water and surface treatment
Assets: Nine warehouses, 30 trucks, cool room (-18°C): Seveso II high-level compliant

76 ELTON GROUP
2010 Sales: €77.5M ($102.7M)
Avlona, Greece
President and managing director: Nestor Papathanasiou
Products: Coatings materials, adhesives, construction chemicals, plastic and rubber additives, cosmetic ingredients, detergent chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, paper chemicals, textile chemicals, photovoltaics, water treatment chemicals, food and beverage chemicals and agrochemicals
Assets: Warehouses with a total of 26,000m2, 20 trucks, six tank trucks

77 HAVILAND
2010 Sales $101m
Grand Rapids, Michigan, US
CEO: E Bernard Haviland
Products: Pool and spa chemicals, commodity chemicals, surface finishing specialty chemicals, solvents, aromatics, wastewater treatment chemicals, food packaging and pharmaceutical chemicals
Services: Custom chemical blending, packaging, compounding, technical support, laboratory services, private labeling

78 GRUPO BARCELONESA
2010 sales: €71.5m ($94.7M)
Barcelona, Spain
President and CEO: Enric Collell
Products: Commodity chemicals, specialty chemicals and formulations
Services: General purpose chemicals distribution, blendings, formulations development and packaging. Logistic services: chemical products warehousing and specialized transportation. On a tailor-made and/or outsourced basis when required
Assets: Eight warehouses and distribution centers in Spain, Portugal and France, with 70,000m2, 56,000 pallets and 14,212m3 installed capacities; production plant for food blending, production capabilities for liquid/liquid, solid/liquid and solid mixtures; sulfuric acid dilution plant; and 25 trucks for specialized transportation

79 NOVASOL CHEMICALS GROUP
2010 Sales: $93.5M
Wezembeek-Oppem, Belgium
CEO: Thomas Hoesch
Products: Acrylates, methacrylates, specialty monomers, plasticizers, specialty solvents, process and performance chemicals, additives, intermediates, denaturants, oil and gas specialty chemicals
Services: Import/export, storage, packing, blending, vendor-managed inventory, consulting, Reach representation, marketing services

80 GIUSTO FARAVELLI
2010 sales: €70M ($92.8M)
Milano, Italy
CEO: Luca Benati
Products: Fine chemicals, food additives, raw materials for cosmetics, nutraceutical ingredients and pharmaceutical excipients
Services: Blending, packaging, storage
Assets: Four warehouses

81 TANNER INDUSTRIES
2010 Sales: $92.3m
Southampton, Pennsylvania, US
President and CEO: Stephen B. Tanner
Products: Aqua and anhydrous ammonia
Services: Safety training, storage, storage tank repairs/maintenance
Assets: 18 distribution locations, full fleet of tractors/trailers

82 MAKENI CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $90.1m
Diadema, Sao Paulo, Brazil
CEO: Rubens Medrano
Products: Acids, alcohols, adhesives, construction chemicals, chemical formulations, cleaning and detergent chemicals, coatings, caustic soda, food additives, personal care ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients, paint and varnish chemicals, plastics and paper chemicals, petrochemicals and solvents
Services: Blending liquids, packaging, storage of liquids and packed products, specialized and dedicated transportation fleet, physical/chemical laboratories, supply chain management, just-in-time deliveries, labeling
Assets: Three warehouses, 28 stainless and carbon steel tanks, 22 trucks

83 TILLEY CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $85.8m
Baltimore, Maryland, US
President: John Tilley
Products: Food ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients, personal care chemicals and ethanol
Services: Packaging, liquid blending
Assets: Two facilities with 186,000 square feet, 350,000 gal bulk storage, 22 power units, 18 tank trucks, 15 box trailers, one railcar

84 MAROON
2010 Sales: $85m
Avon, Ohio, US
CEO: Mark Reichard
Products: Adhesives and sealants, compounding chemicals, construction chemicals, graphic arts materials, paints and coatings materials, plastic additives and rubber chemicals
Assets: One warehouse

85 UNION PETROCHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $83.7M
Bangkok, Thailand
Managing director: Virat Suwannapasri
Products: Solvents, aromatics, lubricants and additives
Services: Blending, packaging, storage
Assets: Three warehouses, 35 trucks

86 CLEARTECH INDUSTRIES
2010 Sales: C$81M ($81M)
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
President and chief operating officer: Randy Bracewell
Products: Acids, alkalis, chlorine, coagulants, oxidizers, phosphates, carbons, plus related equipment for application, measurement and monitoring chemical products and processes
Services: Blending, packaging
Assets: Nine sales offices and/or warehouse/packaging/manufacturing facilities in seven major cities across Canada

87 HB CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $80m
Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, US
President: Jeffrey Rand
Products: Coatings materials, plastic additives, polymers and rubber chemicals

88 DURR MARKETING ASSOCIATES
2010 Sales: $79m
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US
President: David Durr
Products: Fiberglass, fillers, extenders, flame retardants, pigments, organic peroxides, polyester resins, rosin-based resins, smoke suppressants, stearates, titanium dioxide, UV stabilizers, water-based resins and epoxy resins
Assets: Four warehouse locations

89 INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS INC.
2010 Sales: $78m
Birmingham, Alabama, US
Vice president and chief operating officer: Chip Welch
Products: Inorganics, organics, metal working chemicals, water treatment chemicals, lubricants, waste disposal chemicals, food ingredients and pharmaceuticals
Services: Blending, transloading, warehousing, trucking, packaging, bagging
Assets: Nine offices in the US, one office in Mexico, trucks, tankers, railcars

90 CHEMSOLV
2010 Sales: $75m
Roanoke, Virginia, US
President and CEO: L. Glenn Austin
Products: Solvents, plasticizers, surfactants, glycols, polyethylene glycols, chelates, acrylates, metalworking fluids, water treatment chemicals, process oils, freeze conditioning agents, phosphates, chlor-alkali, acids and reagents
Services: Solvent purification and recovery, blending, packaging, transport, lab services, safety and environmental consulting, rail services
Assets: Five warehouses, 25 trucks, 40 trailers, 1.5m gal bulk storage

91 THE CHEMICAL COMPANY
2010 Sales: $74m
Jamestown, Rhode Island, US
CEO: Nick Roach
Products: Plastics additives, agricultural chemicals, intermediates, specialty chemicals, alcohols, acids, esters, plasticizers, emission/pollution control chemicals and bio-chemicals
Services: Logistics, blending, packaging, procurement services, storage, JIT inventory management, consignment, transloading
Assets: Eight storage facilities, railcars

92 CHARKIT CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $71m
Norwalk, Connecticut, US
President: Charles Hinnant
Products: Benzyl alcohol, benzyl chloride, hydrazine hydrate, hydroquinone, personal care ingredients, electronic chemicals, water and metal treatment chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, imaging chemicals, flavors and fragrances
Services: Blending, packaging, storage
Assets: 15 warehouses

93 MOELLER CHEMIE
2010 Sales: €53.0M ($70.2M)
Steinfurt, Germany
Managing director: Rainer Berghaus
Products: Benzyl alcohol, alcohols, methyl ethyl ketoxime, propylene carbonate, nonylphenol, triethylamine, paints and coatings materials, special solvents, plasticizers, inorganic and organic acids, alkalis and liquid specialties
Services: Storage, blending, technical advice, analytics, product development, tank monitoring, production of customized formulas, contract filling, single sourcing, support for waste disposal
Assets: Warehouses, tank storage, 11 trucks with over 7.5 tonnes, laboratory

94 COYNE CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $70m
Croydon, Pennsylvania, US
President and CEO: Thomas Coyne
Products: Chlor-alkali, solvents, phosphates, water treatment chemicals, hydrogen peroxide, metal treatment chemicals, surfactants, acids, paint and coating chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, food, flavors and fragrance ingredients
Services: Bulk, mini-bulk, less-than-truckload (LTL) packaging; blending, contract services, rail terminal transload services
Assets: Four warehouses, four contracted storage facilities, 27 trucks, more than 30 trailers, more than 15 tank trailers

95 K-SOLV
2010 Sales: $69M
Channelview, Texas, US
President: Russell Allen
Products: Alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, amines, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, chlorinated solvents, diesel fuel and diesel blends, gasoline and gas blends, glycols, glycol ethers, ketones and styrene monomer
Services: Chemical blending, renewable fuels blending, bulk storage, packaging, lab testing
Assets: Terminal and warehouse drumming and toting facility, 20 tractors and trailers, lab facility, vapor combustion control system, barge terminal and dock

96 LINTECH INTERNATIONAL
2010 Sales: $67m
Macon, Georgia, US
President: Dennis Gilespie
Products: Adhesives and sealants raw materials, advanced composite resins, additives for paints and coatings, plastic, rubber and metalworking, crosslinkers, personal care ingredients, resins, fillers, colorants, printing ink materials, dyes, rubber adhesion promoters, lubricants, industrial and institutional (I&I) cleaner ingredients, building product chemicals and textile auxiliary chemicals
Services: Contract packaging, vendor-managed inventory
Assets: 10 warehouses

97 ZEUS QUIMICA
2010 Sales: €47.3M ($62.7M)
Barcelona, Spain and Porto, Portugal
President (financial and administration) Nuria Mercado; CEO (business) Ramon Vinas; general manager, Portugal: Americo Ribeiro
Products: Pigments, resins, coatings additives, plastics additives, polymers, cosmetics ingredients, food ingredients, chemical intermediates, active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients
Services: Sourcing, marketing and sales development, local storage, vendor inventory management
Assets: Offices in Barcelona and Porto; outsourced warehouses and transportation

98 TCR INDUSTRIES
2010 Sales: $62m
La Palma, California, US
President and chief operating officer: Sam Rumfola
Products: Resins, pigments and additives
Services: Warehousing, storage
Assets: Seven warehouses

99 ILARIO ORMEZZANO
2010 Sales: €46M ($61M)
Gaglianico, Italy
Group director: Giancarlo Ormezzano
Products: Acetone, isopropanol (IPA), etac, methylene chloride, toluene, methanol, acetic acid, formic acid, caustic soda, monoethylene gylcol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), adipic acid, citric acid and ethanolamines
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, drumming
Assets: Two warehouses, two offices, six trucks

100 WALSH & ASSOCIATES
2010 Sales: $59.4m
St. Louis, Missouri, US
President and CEO: Ellen Murphy
Products: Food additives, ink materials, paints and coatings materials, personal care ­ingredients, plastic additives, rubber chemicals, sealants and surfactants

BUBBLING UNDER
Bigger is not always better in chemical distribution. Here are the players falling under the ICIS Top 100.

101 CHEMSERVICE
2010 Sales: €44M ($58.3M)
Paderno Dugnano, Milan, Italy
President: Oliver Fox
Products: Agrochemicals, home and personal care chemicals, plastics, rubber, paints and varnishes, paper chemicals, food and feed additives and nutraceuticals
Services: Import/export, warehousing
Assets: Four warehouses, two trucks

102 Chemical Solvents
2010 Sales: $58M
Cleveland, Ohio, US
President and CEO: Ed Pavlish
Products: Organic solvents, aromatics, aliphatics, methanol and specialty solvent blends
Services: Blending, waste services, chemical stripping, bulk terminalization
Assets: Three warehouses, two mixing plants, over 1m gal tank storage

103 TARR
2010 Sales: $57.2m
Portland, Oregon, US
President and CEO: Skip Tarr
Products: Solvents, surfactants and process oils
Services: Blending, packaging, high-purity packaging, bulk storage, rail, trucking, contract blending/packaging
Assets: Four warehouses in Oregon, Arizona, Washington and California, bulk and package truck fleet; rail siding

104 WESTCO CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $55m
North Hollywood, California, US
President: Alan Zwillinger
Products: Food additives, nutritional ingredients, industrial chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients and personal care ingredients

105 PHT INTERNATIONAL
2010 Sales: $55M
Charlotte, North Carolina, US
President: Li Hong Yu
Products: Crop protection intermediates, pharmaceutical intermediates, fine and specialty chemicals
Services: Manufacturing, sourcing, logistics, R&D, sample generation, quality assurance, CRO, import/export services in the US and China
Assets: Two administrative offices, one manufacturing plant

106 COLE CHEMICAL & DISTRIBUTING
2010 Sales: $53.8m
Houston, Texas, US
President and CEO: Donna Cole
Products: Amines, butylated hydroxy toluene, electro-hydraulic control (EHC) fluids, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, drilling specialties, glycol ether DM, ketones, methanol, nitric acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sulfolane, sulfuric acid and solvents
Services: Chemical management, process improvements, blending, warehousing, packaging, storage, logistics, importing, exporting, chemical business technology integration
Assets: Four warehouses, 48 bulk terminals

107 SKYHAWK CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $53.2m
Houston, Texas, US
President: Clark Knickerbocker
Products: Acids, alcohols, aliphatics, amines, ammonia, aromatics, calcium chloride, esters, glycols, glycol ethers, ketones, lubricants, metal salts, phosphates, specialties, solvents, urea and water-treatment chemicals

108 MCCULLOUGH & ASSOCIATES
2010 Sales: $52m
Atlanta, Georgia, US
President: George McCullough
Products: Specialty additives, pigments, fumed silica, resins, oleochemicals, silicones, specialty extenders, biocides, specialty surfactants, synthetic silicas, actives for personal care, waxes, polyols and polymers and industrial machinery
Services: Technical sales and support, warehousing

109 CONCHEMCO
2010 Sales: $51.9m
Dallas, Texas, US
President and CEO: Tommy Mrazek
Products: Caustic soda, solvents, aromatics, aliphatics, xylene, toluene, acetone, DETA, amines, glycerin 99%, diethyl ether, methanol, IPA 99%, glycols, glycol ethers, citric acid and chlorinated solvents
Services: Custom blending
Assets: Bulk terminal in Texas City, 40+ railcars

110 F. B. SILBERMANN
€39m ($51.6m)
Gablingen, Germany
Products: Industrial chemicals, solvents, acids and lyes, activated carbon, water treatment chemicals, AdBlue, agrochemicals, specialty chemicals, additives for renewable energies and chemicals for laboratories
Services: Storage, mixing, blending, packaging, polymerization

111 FITZ CHEM
2010 Sales: $51.5m
Itasca, Illinois, US
Chairman Robert Becker; President Donald Deihs
Products: Acrylic emulsions, thermoplastic acrylics, waterborne urethanes, silicones, epoxies and epoxy curing agents, carbon black, titanium dioxide, organic pigments, calcium carbonates, clays, talc, silicas, defoamers and dispersants, rheological modifiers, emollients and emulsifiers and surfactants
Services: Consulting, laboratory services, just-in-time (JIT) inventory management
Assets: Five warehouse locations in the US

112 THE DEWOLF COMPANIES (Dewolf Chemical, Glenn)
2010 Sales: $49.3m
Warwick, Rhode Island, US
President and CEO: Hank DeWolf
Products: Personal care ingredients, color cosmetics and household, industrial and institutional ingredients
Assets: Six warehouses, three offices

113 IDEAL CHEMICAL & SUPPLY
2010 Sales: $49.2m
Memphis, Tennessee, US
President: Sam Block
Products: Acids, alcohols, amines, chelating agents, chlor-alkali, glycol ethers, hydrogen peroxide, inorganics, ketones, polyglycols, solvents, food Ingredients, personal care ingredients, textile care chemicals and water treatment chemicals
Services: Blending, contract packaging, customer research, regulatory support, safety training
Assets: Warehouses at four locations with combined 170,000 square feet of space, 1.5m gal of liquid bulk storage, distilled spirits plant, 15 tractors, 20 trailers, six tankers

114 QUELARIS INTERNACIONAL
2010 Sales: $49M
Caracas, Venezuela
CEO: Paul Vanhauw
Products: Polyols, isocyanates, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyurethane additives, nitrile rubber, natural rubber, inks, adhesives, coatings, methylene chloride, and specialty chemicals
Assets: Seven warehouses

115 HUBBARD-HALL
2010 Sales: $47.6m
Waterbury,
Connecticut, US
President and CEO: Andrew Skipp
Products: Cleaners, bright dips, water treatment chemicals, green cleaners, caustic soda, acids and solvents
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, analytical services, product design
Assets: Four warehouses, two manufacturing facilities, two laboratories, tank farm with rail siding

116 UNITED MINERAL & CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $46.6m
Lyndhurst, New Jersey, US
President: Nurhan Becidyan
Products: High-purity metals, organic and inorganic colored pigments, specialty colorants, water treatment chemicals, resins, petrochemicals
Services: Technical training, customer product research, safety training

117 T.Z. GROUP
2010 Sales: $46M
Mexico City, Mexico
President: Fernando Zavala
Products: Caustic soda, acids, acrylates, organic phosphonates, hydrogen peroxide, soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, silicones and silicon dioxide
Services: Hazardous materials trucking, packaging, drumming
Assets: Storage tanks in five locations in Mexico, five warehouses in Mexico, offices in Houston, Texas, US and San Jose. 35 trucks in Costa Rica

118 DAR-TECH
2010 Sales: $44.6m
Maple Heights, Ohio, US
President: Walt Walburn
Products: Additives, titanium dioxide, resins, pigments, functional pigments, instrumentation and supplies
Services: Warehousing
Assets: Sales offices in Cleveland, Ohio; Buffalo, New York; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Louisville, Kentucky. Warehouse capabilities in Cleveland, Ohio; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Buffalo, New York; Detroit, Michigan; and Cincinnati, Ohio

119 TH HILSON COMPANY
2010 Sales: $44.2m
Wheaton, Illinois, US
President: Lori Hilson-Cioromski
Products: Specialty additives and raw materials for the adhesives, coatings, construction, consumer care, graphic arts, lubricants, personal care and plastics industries
Services: Chemical resale

120 ANDES CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $43.4M
Doral, Florida, US
President and CEO: Fernando Espinosa
Products: Acrylic resins, alkyd resins, cellulosics, solvents and driers
Services: Storage, consolidation, export services
Assets: Two warehouses

121 BHS MARKETING
2010 Sales: $43m
Salt Lake City, Utah, US
President: Bruce Schechinger
Products: Boiler and water-treatment chemicals, cleaning and sanitation chemicals, food additives, industrial chemicals, oilfield chemicals, paper chemicals, phosphates, rubber additives and soda ash

122 ANDREAS JENNOW
2010 sales €32M ($42.4M)
Birkeroed, Denmark
President and CEO: Peter From
Products: Pigments, dispersions, alkyds, rheologic additives, driers, coatings materials, construction chemicals and adhesives

123 TRINTERNATIONAL
2010 Sales: $42.3m
Seattle, Washington, US
CEO: Anthony Ridnell
Products: Acids, adhesives and sealants, alcohols, amines, chlor-alkali, chlorinated-solvents, esters, glycol ethers, inorganics, polyglycols, resins, solvents, surfactants and thickening agents
Services: Product marketing and sales, warehousing and storage, chemical blending

124 CHEMISPHERE
2010 Sales: $42m
St. Louis, Missouri, US
CEO: Robert Schwent
Products: Solvents and ethanol
Services: Custom blending, packaging, storage, transloading
Assets: One warehouse, six trucks, 24 trailers, rail spur, 1m gal storage

125 WEBB CHEMICAL SERVICE
2010 Sales: $40.7m
Muskegon Heights, Michigan, US
CEO: Brad Hilleary
Products: Alcohols, chlor-alkalis, ketones, acids, aromatics/aliphatics, surfactants and dairy chemicals
Services: Inventory management, contract packaging
Assets: 120,000+ gal bulk storage, 80,000+ square feet warehouse space, truck fleet

126 TRANSCHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $40.5m
St. Louis, Missouri, US
President: Daniel Croghan
Products: Alcohols, aliphatics, amines, aromatics, butanediol (BDO) and derivatives, chlorinated solvents, caustic soda and potash, esters, glycol ethers, glycols, ketones, phosphates, process and ink oils, surfactants and vegetable oils
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, transportation, rail access
Assets: Fleet of trucks and tankers

127 MATTESON-RIDOLFI
2010 Sales: $40m
Riverview, Michigan, US
President: Scot Westerbeek
Products: Paint, coatings and ink raw materials; adhesive and sealant ingredients; plastic and composite chemicals; lubricant and metalworking additives; pharmaceutical and personal care ingredients; cleaning chemicals; polyurethane chemicals; resins; color pigments; filler pigments; functional pigments and additives
Assets: Five public warehouse locations

128 FERGUSON CHEMICAL INNOVATION
2010 Sales: $39M
Brampton, Ontario, Canada
President and CEO: David Jackson
Products: Adhesive and sealant additives, construction chemicals, cosmetics and personal care ingredients, graphic arts materials, paint and coatings materials, plastics and elastomers, rubber polymers and chemicals
Services: blending, packaging, storage
Assets: Three warehouses

129 CHEM ONE
2010 Sales: $38.6m
Houston, Texas, US
President and CEO: Terry Podlogar
Products: Feed additives, fertilizer ingredients, water treatment chemicals, food additives and industrial chemicals
Services: Just-in-time inventory, delivery in pallet quantities and full truckloads
Assets: Warehouse in Houston, Texas; independent contract facilities in Laredo, Texas and Tampa, Florida

130 D.B. BECKER
2010 Sales: $37.1m
Clinton, New Jersey, US
President and CEO: Daniel Canavan
Products: Specialty chemicals, resins, emulsions, additives, biocides, fungicides, pigments, color dispersions, waxes, molecular sieve powders, catalysts and fillers
Services: Blending, repackaging, storage
Assets: Six warehouses on US East coast

131 MILES CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $35.7M
Arleta, California, US
President: Anthony Miles
Products: Primary processing chemicals, cosmetics/personal care chemicals, food and beverage ingredients, pulp and paper chemicals, glass and refractory materials, paints and coatings, soap and detergent chemicals, metalworking chemicals, electronic chemicals, agricultural chemicals and water treatment chemicals
Services: Manufacturing, blending, contract packaging, solvent reclamation, technical training, safety training, hazardous waste removal, customer product research
Assets: 78,000 square feet of warehouse space, 30,000 gal bulk storage capacity, 15 trucks, 10 trailers, eight vans, four tankers, four Bobtail trucks

132 NATIONAL CHEMICAL
2010 sales: €26.4M ($35M)
Dublin, Ireland
President and CEO: Alan Looney
Products: Chemical raw materials for the pharmaceutical, medical, food and industrial sectors
Services: Marketing

133 GB-CHEMIE
2010 Sales: €26.3M ($34.8M)
Messe, Germany
Presidents: Horst Ludwig, Juergen Martin
Services: Storage, packaging

134 MY-CHEM
2010 sales €24M ($31.7M)
Buchholz/Hamburg, Germany
CEO Ralf Meinecke
Products: Phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, pentaerythritol, di-pentaerythritol, paraformaldehyde, styrene, tall oil products and other resin raw materials
Services: Transport, storage, IT integration
Assets: One warehouse

135 BUCKLEY OIL
2010 Sales: $31.3M
Dallas, Texas, US
President: R. E. Dodson
Products: Alcohols, aliphatics, aromatics, chlorinated solvents, glycols, ketones, VOC-exempt solvents, base oils and lubricants
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, transportation
Assets: Three distribution facilities, 14 trucks

136 SAMECA, PRODUTOS QUIMICOS
2010 Sales: €23.5M ($31.1M)
Oporto, Portugal
CEO: Eduardo Moura e Sa
Products: Native starches and derivatives, food additives including vitamins, sweeteners and process aids, phosphates, coating chemicals, including resins, pigments, fillers, additives and thickeners; filtrations aids, including diatomites and other minerals; detergents/personal care raw materials, including surfactants and colorants; inorganic chemicals such as acids and salts; textile and paper chemicals; additives and raw materials for PU foam, PVC, masterbatch formulations and rubber
Services: Repackaging/drumming of bulk chemicals
Assets: Warehouses totaling 4,500 square meters in three locations in Portugal, six trucks, two vans, two offices in Oporto and Lisbon, Portugal

137 INDEPENDENT CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $30.6m
Glendale, New York, US
President: Jonathan Spielman
Products: Personal care ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients, nutritional additives, food additives, fine chemicals, industrial cleaning and industrial chemicals
Services: Storage, packing, blending, custom particle sizing, product development and technical and regulatory assistance
Assets: 60,000 square foot warehouse, three tankers, five van trailers, one straight truck

138 MIN-CHEM/LAWRASON’S GROUP
2010 Sales: $30.02M
Oakville, Ontario, Canada
President: David Luciani
Products: Composite-thermosets, composite-thermoplastics, rubber additives, adhesives, waxes, flame retardants, pharmaceutical ingredients, mineral and industrial acids, water treatment chemicals, pool and spa chemicals, janitorial and sanitation chemicals and industrial specialty chemicals
Services: Manufacturing, logistics
Assets: Three warehouses in Ontario, Quebec

139 SLACK CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $30m
Carthage, New York, US
President: Robert Sturtz
Products: Acids, aqua ammonia, caustic soda, sodium hypochlorite, polymers, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium hydroxide, salt, polyaluminum chloride, solvents, talc, soda ash, diatomaceous earth, paper chemicals and potable wastewater chemicals
Services: Blending, liquid/dry packaging, customer pump-outs, customer design and of make-down units for polymer application, warehousing
Assets: Three warehouses in Carthage, Castorland and Saratoga Springs, New York comprising 350,000 square feet, bulk liquid storage totaling 420,000 gal

140 NORTEX
2010 sales $30M
Moscow, Russia
President and CEO: Vladimir Yakushin
Products: Isocyanates, polyols, polyacrylates, synthetic rubber, antioxydants, phenolic resins, plasticizers, catalysts, alkylphenols, mineral fillers, flame retardants, additives, natural oils, natural and synthetic acids, blowing agents, molecular sieves and basic chemicals
Services: Handling liquids and solids, packaging, storage, technical consulting, providing samples
Assets: Two offices, three warehouses, two trucks

141 COMET CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $29.92M
Innisfil, Ontario, Canada
President: James Stewart
Products: Solvents, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, glycols, glycol ethers, glycol ether acetates, ester acetates, amines, alcohols, ketones, VOC alternatives, caustic soda and acids
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, drum and tote services, environmental services
Assets: 40,000 square foot warehouse with laboratory, six stainless compartment tankers, three tractors and van trailers, rail siding, 50+ bulk storage tanks

142 RAM CHARAN
2010 Sales: $29.9M
Chennai City, Tamil Nadu, India
Partner: Kaushik Palicha
Products: Rubber, rubber additives, plastic additives, pigments, construction chemicals and adhesives
Services: Storage, packaging, dry dock sales, micronizing, testing, formulary support
Assets: Nine warehouses in India, 18 trucks, four licensed commercial vehicles, one temperature-controlled storage facility

143 CHEMICAL DISTRIBUTORS INC.
2010 Sales: $28.2m
Buffalo, New York, US
CEO: Mark Russell
Products: Acids, alkalis, commodity and proprietary chemicals, solvents, dry chemicals, reagent chemicals, food and pharmaceutical ingredients
Services: Dry and liquid blending, packaging, laboratory testing, warehousing, process equipment sales
Assets: 82,000 square feet of warehouse space, nine trucks, 20 tankers and trailers

144 GJ CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $27.5M
Somerset, New Jersey, US
President: Diana Colonna
Products: Acids and anhydrides, alchols, aliphatic solvents, amines, aromatic solvents, automotive chemicals, chlorinated solvents, epoxy resins, glycols, heat transfer fluids, monomers, ketones, plasticizers and specialties
Services: Testing, bulk storage, repackaging, liquid bulk handling, custom blending, purifying, and stabilizing
Assets: Three locations in central New Jersey, US, 500 stainless steel totes, 50 bulk storage tanks, full analytical laboratory, USP/NF white room

145 GULF COAST CHEMICAL
2010146 Sales: $26.8m
Abbeville, Louisiana, US
President and CEO: Jim Fusilier
Products: Glycols, methanol, ethanolamies, coolants, lubricants, production chemicals, heat transfer fluids, solvents and specialty drilling products
Services: Blending, field cleaning of glycol dehydrators, packaging, lab services, pump repair
Assets: Six warehouses, one dockside methanol terminal, 21 delivery trucks, 90,000 square feet of warehouse space, 450,000 gal bulk storage

146 INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS CORP.
2010 Sales: $26m
Arvada, Colorado, US
President: Robert Wilson
Products: Acetates, acids, aliphatic and aromatic solvents, alcohols, biofuel chemicals, chelating agents, chlor-alkali, detergent chemicals, glycols and glycol ethers, heat transfer fluids, hydrogen peroxide, metal finishing chemicals, oilfield chemicals, organic and inorganic chemicals, pharmaceutical chemicals, surfactants and water treatment chemicals
Services: Contract blending, warehousing
Assets: Three Warehouses, 22 tankers, 12 tractors, five vans, 700,000 gal bulk storage

147 COLUMBUS CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
2010 Sales: $25.3M
Columbus, Wisconsin, US
CEO: Richard Sheard
Products: High-purity acids, bases, specialty solutions and blends for the semiconductor, medical device and analytical laboratory industries
Services: Processing, purification, private labeling and packaging
Assets: Facilities in Wisconsin and Arizona in the US, and in Singapore

148 E.W. KAUFMANN
2010 Sales: $25.11m
Bristol, Pennsylvania, US
President: J. Brian O’Connor
Products: Additives, catalysts, equipment, fillers, pigments and resins
Services: Storage, technical sales
Assets: One private warehouse, multiple public warehouses

149 R.E. CARROLL
2010 Sales: $25.1m
Trenton, New Jersey, US
President: Robert Carroll
Products: Chlorinated paraffin, calcium carbonate, clays, blowing agents, alumina trihydrate, zinc oxides, plasticizers, foaming agents, barium sulfate, petroleum products (aromatic oils, naphthenic oils), magnesium oxide, stearates, soybean oils, lubricants and ASTM (international standard) reference oils
Services: Repackaging (capacity to repackage 6,000-12,000 gal/week for aromatic, naphthenic, paraffinic base and process oils), storage
Assets: Corporate office and warehousing in New Jersey, six other warehouse locations in the US

150 METACHEM INDUSTRIAL E COMERCIAL
2010 Sales: $25.1M
Sao Paulo, Brazil
Managing director: Ricardo do Rego Freitas
Products: Adhesives, agrochemicals, construction chemicals, food and feed additives, paints and coatings materials, industrial specialty chemicals, plastic and PU additives, lube oil additives and tanning products
Services: Blending, storage, import and export assistance
Assets: Five warehouses

151 VECKRIDGE CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $25m
South Kearny, New Jersey, US
President: Mark Veca
Products: Inorganics (liquids and dry), acids, amines and peroxides
Services: Sourcing, warehousing, dilutions, packaging
Assets: 25,000 square foot warehouse, five trucks

152 MUTCHLER PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENTS
2010 Sales: $25m
Harrington Park, New Jersey, US
President and CEO: Laurie Mutchler
Products: Multi-compendial binders, fillers, starches, sugars, flow agents, super disintegrants, solubilizers, emulsifiers, disintegrants, sustained release polymers, lubricants and layering substrates
Services: Regulatory and technical expertise
Assets: Corporate offices in the US and Puerto Rico, 32,000 square foot, 5 acre pharma park facility

153 VIVION
2010 Sales: $24m
San Carlos, California, US
President: Edward Poleselli
Products: Emollients, surfactants, humectants, preservatives, food acids, personal care, nutritional ingredients, food ingredients, fibers, sweeteners, tableting aids, lubricants, gums and thickners, antifoams and oils
Assets: Six offices and warehouses, two trucks

154 COAST SOUTHWEST
2010 Sales: $22.7m
Placentia, California, US
CEO: Joseph C. Cimo
Products: Surfactants, silicones and personal care ingredients.
Assets: Two locations, five vehicles (vans, tankers, bobtail trucks)

155 ALCHEM CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $21.2m
Atlanta, Georgia, US
President: Bart Whittaker
Products: Coatings materials, institutional and industrial cleaning chemicals, personal care ingredients and specialty chemicals
Assets: One warehouse, five tractor trucks, five trailers

156 SCHIBLEY SOLVENTS & CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $21m
Elyria, Ohio, US
President and CEO: Reed Schibley
Products: Adhesives, coatings materials, fiberglass reinforcements, household and institutional products, lubricant additives, plastic additives and polymers

157 APCO INDUSTRIES
2010 Sales: C$20m ($20m)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Vice president: James A. Grierson
Products: Aromatics, aliphatics, glycols, glycol ethers, alcohols, ketones, heat treating salts and quench oils, stamping and cutting oils
Services: Blending, packaging, storage
Assets: Two warehouses, 20 trucks

158 BOEHLE CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $14.5m
Sterling Heights, Michigan, US
President and CEO: Tedd Strobehn
Products: Acrylic resins, color dispersions, defoamers, epoxy curing agents, epoxy resins, fatty chemicals, lubricant additives, paint additives, pigments, preservatives, surfactants, thickeners, urethane resins, waxes and zinc oxide
Services: Storage, packaging
Assets: three warehouse locations

159 P.A.T. PRODUCTS
2010 Sales: $12m
Bangor, Maine, US
CEO: Leo Coyle
Products: Silanes, phenolic resins, water treatment chemicals, polyurethane colors and chemicals
Services: Blending, packaging, storage
Assets: Six warehouses

160 INTERATLAS CHEMICAL
2010 Sales: $10m
St. Catharines, Ontario Canada
President and CEO: Alex Van Zijl
Products: Paraformaldehyde, hexamine, phenol, melamine and urea
Services: Blending, storage

161 KIC CHEMICALS
2010 Sales: $8.7m
New Paltz, New York, US
President and CEO: Ed Kort
Products: Acids, esters, fatty chemicals, flavors, fragrances and food additives
Services: Blending, packaging, storage, logistics

162 ADVANCED CHEMICAL CONCEPTS
2010 Sales: $4.4m
Middleburg Heights, Ohio, US
President and CEO: Craig Tungate
Products: Surfactants, specialties, caustics, alkalis, solvents
Services: Blending, tech support, packaging
Assets: Two warehouses

NOTES

Currency conversion rates as of December 31, 2010:

Euro = $1.325

UK Pound = $1.5470

Canadian Dollar = $1.0001

Brazilian Real = $0.6002

Swiss Franc = $1.0633

South African Rand = $0.1509

Hexane has been used for decades to extract edible oil from cottonseed. However, due to increased regulations affecting hexane because of the 1990 Clean Air Act and potential health risks, the oil-extraction industry urgently needs alternative hydrocarbon solvents to replace hexane. Five solvents,n-heptane, isohexane, neohexane, cyclohexane, and cylopentane, were compared with commercial hexane using a benchscale extractor. The extractions were done with a solvent to cottonseed flake ratio of 5.5 to 1 (w/w) and a miscella recycle flow rate of 36 mL/min/sq cm (9 gal/min/sq ft) at a temperature of 10 to 45°C below the boiling point of the solvent. After a 10-min single-stage extraction, commercial hexane removed 100% of the oil from the flakes at 55°C; heptane extracted 100% at 75°C and 95.9% at 55°C; isohexane extracted 93.1% at 45°C; while cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and neohexane removed 93.3, 89.4, and 89.6% at 35, 55, and 35°C, respectively. Each solvent removed gossypol from cottonseed flakes at a different rate, with cyclopentane being most and neohexane least effective. Based on the bench-scale extraction results and the availability of these candidate solvents, heptane and isohexane are the alternative hydrocarbon solvents most likely to replace hexane.

The Hexane Market is Segmented by Type (n-Hexane, Isohexane, Neohexane), Grade (Polymer Grade, Food Grade, Other Grades), Application (Industrial Solvents, Edible Oil Extractant, Adhesives and Sealants, Paints and Coatings, Other Applications), and Geography (Asia-Pacific, North America, Europe, South America, and Middle East & Africa).

The hexane arket report include: 

Edible Oil Extraction to Dominate the Market

• Hexane is increasingly being used as a solvent to extract edible oils from seed and vegetable crops, e.g., peanuts, soybeans, corn, etc.
• Hexane has a greater ability to extract oil, compared to other solvents, like petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. It easily mixes with vegetable oil and washes it out without disturbing fiber, protein, sugar, and undesired gums.
• Growth in the edible oil segment can be attributed to the rising awareness among consumers about the use of refined oil and the impact it has on health.
• According to the United States Department of Agriculture, the consumption of edible oils like soybean oil, in 2019, in the United States, was 10,659 metric ton and canola oil was 2,465 metric ton. Moreover, according to the Department for Promotion of Industry & Internal Trade, in India, the investment value in the vegetable oil sector, in 2019, was around INR 18 billion.
• Additionally, the consumers are inclined to pay higher prices for healthy food products, owing to the increasing food-based health challenges, such as high cholesterol, obesity, etc.
• The growing popularity of edible oils with added health benefits in many countries is shaping the purchase decisions of edible oils, which are high in omega 3, vitamins, oryzanol, natural antioxidants, and others. Thus, exhibiting the likely demand for edible oils in the forthcoming years.

Use of leaching solvent in preparing edible fat and oil

A leaching solvent used for preparing edible oils is characterized in that the solvent is applied to the leaching process of edible oil preparation so as to leach oil from materials. The solvent consists of the following components by weight ratio: 94 to 100 percent of isohexane, 0 to 3 percent of normal hexane and 0 to 3 percent of butane and pentane; the leaching process includes the following steps of: 1) leaching: the leaching temperature is 48 to 53 DEG C and a mass ratio between the materials and solvent is 1/1 to 0.8; mixed oil and leached wet meal are obtained; 2) desolventizing: the finished meal is obtained; 3) the evaporation of a first long-tube; 4) the evaporation of a second long-tube; mixed oil is obtained; and 5) steam stripping: raw oil is obtained. The solvent of the invention is mainly composed of isohexane so as to largely reduce the harm to the health of operators exposed in the manufacturing environment; the product quality can be enhanced and the protection to environment can be enhanced; the latent heat for the evaporation of isohexane is low and then the energy cost required by the solvent recycling can be effectively reduced.

Corn oil (maize oil) is oil extracted from the germ of corn (maize). Its main use is in cooking, where its high smoke point makes refined corn oil a valuable frying oil. It is also a key ingredient in some margarines. Corn oil is generally less expensive than most other types of vegetable oils.

Corn oil is also a feedstock used for biodiesel. Other industrial uses for corn oil include soap, salve, paint, erasers, rustproofing for metal surfaces, inks, textiles, nitroglycerin, and insecticides. It is sometimes used as a carrier for drug molecules in pharmaceutical preparations.

Global n-Hexane market dynamics 

Demand for n-Hexane, especially in developing region such Asia Pacific, is expected to boost the demand of the global n-Hexane market over the forecast period. Excellent properties of n-Hexane to remove odor and unwanted taste are expected to propel the demand of n-Hexane from the edible oil industry. n-Hexane has the ability to remove unwanted taste and odor and this is the precise reason that the demand for n-Hexane has increased in edible oil industry. However, the consumers from developed regions are shifting from refined oil to cold-pressed oil owing to its superior health benefits. Cold pressing is a natural way to produce oil which does not contain solvent residues, no preservatives with natural antioxidants. In addition, Isohexane, a hexane isomer is used as a substitute of n-Hexane in few oilseed extraction applications. Due to toxic nature of n-Hexane, it has been substituted by n-heptane in some pharmaceutical applications. This may retard the growth of the n-Hexane market.

Almost all corn oil is expeller-pressed, then solvent-extracted using hexane or 2-methylpentane (isohexane). The solvent is evaporated from the corn oil, recovered, and re-used. After extraction, the corn oil is then refined by degumming and/or alkali treatment, both of which remove phosphatides. Alkali treatment also neutralizes free fatty acids and removes color (bleaching). Final steps in refining include winterization (the removal of waxes), and deodorization by steam distillation of the oil at 232–260 °C (450–500 °F) under a high vacuum.

Some specialty oil producers manufacture unrefined, 100%-expeller-pressed corn oil. This is a more expensive product since it has a much lower yield than the combination expeller and solvent process, as well as a smaller market share.

Hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and has the molecular formula C₆H₁₄. Hexane is a significant constituent of gasoline. It is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with boiling points approximately 69 °C. It is widely used as a cheap, relatively safe, largely unreactive, and easily evaporated non-polar solvent.

The market is primarily driven by growing applications of n-hexane in edible oil extraction. It is widely used in the food industry as an oil extraction agent that offers high yield from a variety of seeds. Its usage also assists in removing odor and unwanted taste from the oil, thereby making it a preferred agent for extraction.

Hexane in Solvent extraction method. Hexane in its pure form is a colorless liquid , and its boiling point is between 50℃ – 70℃ all of which work in favor for oil extraction. To begin the process of solvent extraction, oil seeds (soybean, rapeseed etc.) are removed of impurities and dried to reduce moisture content.

What is the difference between hexane and solvent extraction?The oil content in the flakes after removes by solvent extraction method is only 1/2% which is far less when compared to other methods of extraction which may range anywhere between 30- 45%. The Solvent extraction process scores over the other two methods by the following advantages Why hexane for oil extraction and not other solvents?

How do you separate hexane from oil?Oil and solvent are separated by distillation. The hexane process increases oil removal efficiency in a strictly cold-pressed process.

Does oil dissolve in hexane?Gasoline effectively dissolves oils and even grease. Hexane, isolated from other gasoline components, serves as a solvent for vegetable oils, such as peanut oil and soybean oil.

How much Hexane is in cooking oil?It has been estimated that refined vegetable oils extracted with hexane contain approximately 0.8 milligrams of residual hexane per kilogram of oil (0.8 ppm).

Which solvent is best for oil extraction?hexaneGenerally, hexane is the most commonly used solvent for the extraction of oils from plant sources due to its low boiling temperature and easy recovery from the extract, and since most oils are soluble in hexane.

Why hexane is used in oil extraction?Hexane has been widely used for oil extraction because of easy oil recovery, narrow boiling point (63–69 °C) and excellent solubilizing ability. In contrary, while in extraction and recovery processes, hexane is released into the environment that react with the pollutants to form ozone and photo chemicals.

Is hexane used in olive oil extraction? Olive oil extraction is the process of extracting the oil present in olive drupes, known as olive oil. This contrasts with other oils that are extracted with chemical solvents, generally hexane.

n-Pentane, 99%, n-Pentane, 95%
CAS NO 109-66-0
Applications: Blowing Agents, Plastics Industry, Geothermal Energy, Personal Care Products, Gasoline

For sales inquiries and questions please email us at: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com or WhatsApp us at: +86 178 1030 0898

Isopentane #i-Pentane #Pentanes #Pentane #Iso-Pentane #geothermal #powerplant #expansion #geothermalenergy #energystorage #renewableenergy #laboratorysolvents #solvents #Pentane Blends # Blowing Agents #Plastics Industry #Geothermal Energy #Personal Care Products #Gasoline

Isopentane is an organic compound with a variety of uses, ranging from being an ingredient in cosmetics to being a component in a type of geothermal power plant. This solvent is extremely flammable. Its tendency to evaporate makes it useful for dissolving compounds, since it is easily evaporated away. This chemical smells like gasoline and does not dissolve in water, but floats on top of it. It is considered harmful to the environment.

Also known as methylbutane, this compound has a formula of C5H12. It is known as a hydrocarbon, since it contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms. The structure of this compound is CH3CHCH2CH3, with a methyl — CH3 — group attached to the second carbon. Pentane has the same formula, but has a structure of CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 with no branching. These two compounds are known as structural isomers.

This branching lowers the boiling point of isopentane, compared to pentane. Its boiling point is only 103°F (27.9°C). The flash point of this compound is relatively high, at -68°F (-55°C). This combination of characteristics is responsible for the extreme flammability of the chemical. If there is a fire, one should not spray water on it. That can result in the compound floating to the top of the water, and possibly catching fire again.

Mixed with other compounds, however, isopentane can be quite stable. It is often used in a range of cosmetics, including shaving gel, body wash, and specific types of toothpaste. The manufacture of insulation is another use for this compound.

In laboratories, isopentane is used to make a bath in liquid nitrogen. It is quite common to prepare tissues for storage at -94°F (-70°C) by immersing them in liquid nitrogen. This process of flash freezing preserves such biological samples.

A container of isopentane can be put into a larger container of liquid nitrogen. When the solvent becomes cloudy, it is near freezing. It is then removed from the liquid nitrogen and used to freeze the specimen. It is important to let the solvent evaporate before the sample is stored in a freezer.

Another use of isopentane is in a type of geothermal plant known as a binary cycle power plant. Geothermal plants tap into heat energy deep in the earth and convert it to electricity. This kind of geothermal plant can use cooler reservoirs than other types. This is because the hot water from the geothermal energy heats liquid isopentane and turns it into a gas. This gas then drives a turbine and generator to generate the power plant’s electricity.

The density of isopentane is 0.616 g/ml. Its molecular weight is 72.15 g/mol. It is important to remember that this compound is classified as a lung, skin, and eye irritant.

When the reinjection temperature is in the range of 80°C to 160°C, according to the research Isopentane
and n-Pentane are the most suitable working fluids. Junyuan’s Isopentane and n-Pentane are the working fluid options for the binary cycle power plants in the world.

What are the different types of geothermal power plants?

There are three types of geothermal power plants: dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle. Dry steam power plants draw from underground resources of steam. The steam is piped directly from underground wells to the power plant, where it is directed into a turbine/generator unit.

How does binary cycle work in a geothermal power plant?

With binary cycle geothermal power plants, pumps are used to pump hot water from a geothermal well, through a heat exchanger, and the cooled water is returned to the underground reservoir. … The vapor exiting the turbine is then condensed by cold air radiators or cold water and cycled back through the heat exchanger.

How much power can a geothermal plant produce?Geothermal Power Plants are Compact

A power plant that can generate 1 gigawatt (1,000 megawatts) per hour of electricity would take up a good deal of space.

What are the 3 ways to get geothermal energy?
Some applications of geothermal energy use the earth’s temperatures near the surface, while others require drilling miles into the earth. There are three main types of geothermal energy systems: Direct use and district heating systems. Geothermal power plants.

Which kind of geothermal plant is most common type?

Flash steam plantsFlash steam plants are the most common type of geothermal power generation plants in operation today.

How efficient is geothermal power?
The conversion efficiency of geothermal power developments is generally lower than that of all conventional thermal power plants. The highest reported conversion efficiency is approximately 21% at the Darajat vapour-dominated system, with a worldwide efficiency average of around 12%.

What are the disadvantages of geothermal energy?
Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy

• Geothermal energy has high initial capital costs.
• May release harmful gases.
• Suited to a particular region.
• Geothermal heat pumps have to be powered.
• Geothermal sites may experience a dry spell.
• Sustainability issues.
• Can cause surface instability.
• Extremely high temperatures required.

Top countries producing geothermal power

• US. With an installed capacity of 3,639MW in 2018, the US is the leading producer of geothermal energy across the world, producing 16.7 billion kilowatt hours (kWh) of geothermal energy throughout the year.
• Indonesia.
• Philippines.
• Turkey.
• New Zealand.
• Mexico.
• Italy.
• Iceland.

Can geothermal produce electricity?
Geothermal energy can heat, cool, and generate electricity: Geothermal energy can be used in different ways depending on the resource and technology chosen—heating and cooling buildings through geothermal heat pumps, generating electricity through geothermal power plants, and heating structures through direct-use.

How long do geothermal power plants last?
Geothermal systems are built to last a very long time. “The indoor components typically last about 25 years (compared with 15 years or less for a furnace or conventional AC unit) and more than 50 years for the ground loop,” The Family Handyman magazine reports.

What is one drawback of drilling geothermal wells?

The disadvantages of geothermal energy are mainly high initial capital costs. The cost of drilling wells to the geothermal reservoir is quite expensive. Taking into account the cost of heating and cooling system installation thereby surging extra costs.

How long does it take to build a geothermal plant?
Around two years. The geothermal project that started with only heating, such as Nesjavellir and Svartsengi, constructed within two years. Heating power plants are simpler and do not have the same long lead items as power producing plants and can therefore be assumed to take less time for the construction phase, around two years.

Why geothermal energy is bad?

Geothermal plants can release small amounts of greenhouse gases such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Water that flows through underground reservoirs can pick up trace amounts of toxic elements such as arsenic, mercury, and selenium.

How deep do you have to dig for geothermal energy?

For a horizontal loop you only need to dig between 6 – 8 feet deep. For a vertical loop you need to drill between 250 and 300 feet deep.

Does Geothermal cool your house?

When it comes to efficiency, geothermal AC beats conventional central AC by far. As you can imagine, your geothermal heat pump will always be effective and efficient at cooling your home, even in the hottest summers. Installing a geothermal air conditioner can reduce your electricity use by 25 to 50 percent!

Who uses geothermal energy the most?

The United StatesGeothermal energy is generated in over 20 countries. The United States is the world’s largest producer, and the largest geothermal development in the world is The Geysers north of San Francisco in California. In Iceland, many of the buildings and even swimming pools are heated with geothermal hot water.

What are the basic parts of a geothermal plant to produce electricity?

The Turbine Drives the Electric Generator

Rotational energy from the turning turbine shaft is used directly to spin magnets inside a large coil and create electrical current. The turbine and generator are the primary pieces of equipment used to convert geothermal energy to electrical energy.

How much does geothermal energy cost per month?
This means that when he first installed his system, he was likely saving a small amount of money on his heating when compared with his propane bill. The homeowner said he was paying $150/month for propane, and if we deduce the average geothermal kWh use it would be around $138/month, a savings of $12/month.

How much does it cost to install a geothermal heating system?
On an average, a homeowner can expect to invest about $12,000 to $30,000 as geothermal heating and cooling cost. This cost would cover a complete geothermal installation. For large homes, the cost can range from $30,000 to $45,000 for high end ground source heat pump systems.

How warm does geothermal heating get?

Geothermal heat pumps can operate in any climate—hot or cold—because of the earth’s constant underground temperature (from 45° to 75° F depending on location). In fact, millions of GHP systems are already heating and cooling homes and businesses worldwide, and that includes all 50 U.S. states.

Is a geothermal system worth it?
A geothermal heat pump can save you so much money in energy costs (while helping the environment) that you may be tempted to install one immediately. However, a geothermal heat pump is so expensive to install that you may be tempted to forget the whole thing.

Can you put geothermal in an existing home?
In a home with an existing forced-air system powered by propane, heating oil or natural gas, a geothermal system can use existing ductwork and mechanical spaces. If the existing furnace or boiler in a home is 20 years old or more, it may make sense to replace it with a geothermal system.

What is better solar or geothermal?
Climate will also dictate whether geothermal is a better option as the farther North you move, the more heat is needed during the winters. Because geothermal energy provides up to 500% efficiency compared to gas or oil heating, it’s highly recommended over solar power in colder areas.

What is the largest geothermal power plant in the world?
Geysers Geothermal ComplexThe Geysers Geothermal Complex, California, US – 1.2GW

The Geysers Geothermal Complex located 121km north of San Francisco, California, is comprised of 15 power plants making it the biggest geothermal installation in the world. The complex has an installed capacity of 1,205MW.

Who is the largest producer of geothermal energy in the world?Larderello Geothermal Complex, Italy

This complex is responsible for 10% of all geothermal energy that is produced worldwide, and is utilized for almost 27% of the power demands of the region.

What is the current status of geothermal energy in India?
The estimated potential for geothermal energy in India is about 10000 MW. There are seven geothermal provinces in India : the Himalayas, Sohana, West coast, Cambay, Son-Narmada-Tapi (SONATA), Godavari, and Mahanadi. 

Geothermal Energy Pros and Cons

Instead of using natural gas or oil and as an alternative to incurring high electricity bills, geothermal energy works to draw off the Earth’s constant core temperature to both heat and cool the home. At first glance, incorporating geothermal energy into a house or business would seem like a no-brainer and while there are definite cost and economic savings involved with the process, all that glitters isn’t gold. Here are the definitive geothermal energy pros and cons:

All-in-all, there are plenty of benefits as well as some downfalls of integrating geothermal energy into your commercial or residential property. It’s highly unlikely that geothermal energy will become irrelevant or impossible. It will remain as a nice implementation if it fits your landscape, location, and budget.

Keywords: geothermal, binary cycle, n–pentane, thermal waste, brine, turbine, isopentane

Isohexane, 99%, CAS NO: 107-83-5

Specifications:

1.Colour and Status: Colorless and transparent liquid, no visible mechanical impurities

2. Isohexane, wt% : 99.76

3. n-Hexane, wt%: 0.2277

4. Density (20 ℃), kg / m3 : 657

5. Bromine index, mgBr / 100g ≤ 0.01

6. IBP(℃) ≥ 59

7. FBP(℃) ≤ 61

8. Sulfur content, mg/kg: 0.8

9. Water Content mg/kg: 21
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Isohexane #Hexane #Hexanes #Iso-Hexane #iHexane

The Denizli Tosunlar ORC geothermal power plant in Turkey received the Top Plant award in the Renewable energy project domain. Italian company Exergy S.p.A. built it for its client Akça Enerji in 2015.

The Power Magazine awarded the Denizli Tosunlar ORC geothermal plant as a part of its “Power Awards” competition, and announced its decision in the December issue of the magazine. A jury comprised of the U.S.-based magazine’s editors selected this 4 MW facility as the best in the Renewable projects category. Other categories include Natural gas-fired, Coal-fired, and Nuclear projects. The winner in each of the category was chosen for demonstrating an innovative design and engineering upgrades, for producing power more reliably or economically than comparable plants or demonstrating a new generation or environmental controls technology.

The Turkish branch of Exergy built this organic Rankine cycle (ORC) geothermal plant for its client Akça Enerji. It is the world’s first geothermal power plant with two-pressure-level cycle on a single-disk turbine. The Denizli Tosunlar has been operational since June 2015. It has already received an award in February 2016 – the key European Geothermal Innovation Award from the European Geothermal Energy Council for innovation demonstrated in this geothermal plant.

“We are very proud to have received a second award this year for our Denizli Tosunlar power plant. This repeated recognition gives evidence of the technological breakthrough this plant represents and rewards the commitment and the effort that Exergy put into R&D activities to keep us at the forefront of innovation by achieving new, smarter and more efficient applications of our technology. We are constantly working on further advances in technology for the ORC market in order continue to evolve and sustain clean power generation,” said Claudio Spadacini, chief executive officer of Exergy, which appear to have achieved considerable success in Turkey in the last several years.

Organic Rankine cycle usually uses low boiling point organic working fluids, such as atmospheric ethane, n-Pentane and Isopentane, etc. the medium and low-temperature geothermal fluid is used to exchange heat with low boiling point organic working fluid to make the latter evaporate and generate steam with high pressure to drive steam turbine to do power generation.

Organic – pentane, propane, ammonia and coolants