Tag Heptane

Tank container transportation
Questions: We are an American company. We need to purchase pentane, hexane and heptane products from Junyuan Petroleum Group, one of China’s largest chemical manufacturers. We plan to rent cans by ourselves and arrange transportation by ourselves. How much is an ISO tank? How much is it to buy and rent?
Answers: Isotank (tank container) international standard tank is a kind of stainless steel pressure vessel installed in the fastening external frame. The tank liner is mostly made of 316 stainless steel. Most tanks have steam or electric heating devices, inert gas protection devices, pressure reducing devices and other optional equipment required for fluid transportation and loading and unloading. There is a corner bearing frame around the tank for protection and hoisting. The outer frame size of the tank is exactly the same as that of the international standard 20 ‘container (length: 20 feet, width: 8 feet, height: 8 feet, 6 inches). It can be used for highway, railway and water transportation. It can carry fluid cargo up to 14300 to 31000 liters (or even larger). ISO tank containers – sometimes referred to as isotainers, ISO containers, or intermodal tank containers.

ISO Tank Container for Pentanes, Hexanes and Heptanes
The 20-foot ISO framework type tank container is applicable to Intermodal transportation. Marine, highway, and railroad transportation. With its overall dimensions conforming to the ISO standards, the tank container has a rating for as high as 9 high stacking loaded. Various components such as valves, safety accessories, heating, cooling components, insulation, walkway, and ladders can be configured according to specific client needs and product requirements to store and transport chemicals globally.

Tank containers have the following advantages:
In addition to all the advantages of containerized transportation, compared with the transportation mode of “several drums are loaded into one dry goods standard container”, it has many advantages, such as economy, convenience, safety, environmental protection, beauty and so on.
1、 Economic benefits;
For example, a 20 foot container (24000 liters) can hold 45% more liquid cargo than a 20 foot standard dry container full of drums. That is, “more shipments at the same freight rate”, which reduces the land and sea transportation costs of unit goods. In addition, the use of tank can save the purchase and disposal cost of drums. These are two direct cost savings in the transportation process.
2、 Fast;
The use of tanks will not have expensive and time-consuming process of small barrel flushing and loading and unloading. The transportation mode can be directly changed between highway, railway and water transportation. The operation is simple and fast, and can be achieved in one step. It can truly achieve “door-to-door” transportation.
3、 Increase safety;
Tank transportation is internationally recognized as the safest mode of transportation of chemicals and food. In the process of distributing and transporting chemicals and food to various places, compared with other methods, this is a unique means of transportation without running, emitting, leaking and avoiding the pollution of the goods themselves.
4、 More conducive to environmental protection; More beautiful and give customers a good impression.

Junyuan Petroleum Group has a number of professional tank container operation teams to provide customers with professional global transportation services of pentane, hexane and heptane!
 

3:12 PM Wednesday, March 9, 2022
Today, n-Pentane, Isopentane and Pentane Foaming Agent products rose at the same time, with an increase range of 0.43% to 0.55%. Among them, Pentane Blends with high content portion of isopentane increased the most, with an increase of 0.55%.
The price of n-Hexane products also rose collectively, ranging from 0.81% to 1.08%. The price of n-Hexane products has always been very stable. In view of the rise in the price of raw materials in the market, it also led to the rise in the price of Hexane series products.
The price of n-Heptane products has not changed today, and the prices of Cyclopentane, Sodium Methoxide Solution and Sodium Methoxide Powder have not changed.

 

• n-Pentane is unique among hydrocarbon solvents in that it has a high concentration of a single component. Our n-Pentane has a consistent composition and very high purity, containing a minimum of 95% of n-Pentane isomer. Carefully controlled production conditions also results in very low levels of aromatics and other impurities.
• neo-Pentane is a double-branched chain that is also called 2,2-dimethylpropane. At room temperature and standard atmospheric pressure, it acts as a flammable gas that can be condensed on a highly cold day, or in ice baths, or when compressed at the lowest temperature and highest pressures, into an extremely volatile liquid.
• 
  

  Heptane

  Straight-Chain Alkane

  Heptane or n-heptane is the straight-chain alkane with the chemical formula H₃C(CH₂)₅CH₃ or C₇H₁₆, and is one of the main components of gasoline. 
  When used as a test fuel component in anti-knock test engines, a 100% heptane fuel is the zero point of the octane rating scale. Octane number equates 
  to the anti-knock qualities of a comparison mixture of heptane and isooctane which is expressed as the percentage of isooctane in heptane and 
  is listed on pumps for gasoline dispensed globally.

  • Density: 0.68 g/cm³

  • Boiling point: 209.16°F (98.42°C)
  • Chemical formula: C7H16
  • Average Molar mass: 100.21 g/mol
    JPG is your source for Heptane. With the largest manufacturing base in China, our private fleet, our team of technical experts, and our professional service,
    we are here to fulfill your Heptane needs when and where you need it. Applications Adhesives and coatings Cleaners Pharmaceuticals
    Vegetable extraction Tire and rubber manufacturing
    

• 
  

  Cyclopentane

  Highly Flammable Alicyclic Hydrocarbon

  Cyclopentane is a highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C₅H₁₀ and CAS number 287-92-3, consisting of a ring of five carbon atoms each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane. It occurs as a colorless liquid with a petrol-like odor. Its melting point is −94 °C and its boiling point is 49 °C. Cyclopentane is in the class of cycloalkanes, being alkanes that have one or more rings of carbon atoms. It is formed by cracking cyclohexane in the presence of alumina at a high temperature and pressure.

  • Chemical formula: C5H10
  • Boiling point: 120.20°F (49°C)
  • Density: 0.75 g/cm³
  • Average Molar mass: 70.10 g/mol

    HS CODE: 2902199090. Country of origin: Dongying, China. Annual output: 50,000 tons. Contact now MSDS TDS/COA. Cyclopentane Applications. Cyclopentane is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins and rubber adhesives and also as a blowing agent in the manufacture of polyurethane insulating foam.
    

• Blends of iso-Pentane are fairly stable and have a insulation performance that can come close to foams made with Cyclopentane over time. The ternary Pentane blends show a good overall performance. Dimensional stability and heat conductivity is always good or very good, also after ageing the foam. Blowing agent. Blowing agent plays a fundamental role in the production of polystyrene (PS), polyurethane (PU) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) insulations foam. A small quantity of blowing agent indirectly provides important performance characteristics to these foams as great thermal insulation properties. Pentane
  
• Hexane is a solvent widely used as an industrial cleaner and degreaser and is an ingredient in many consumer products. Hexane is used to extract edible oils from seeds and vegetables, as a special-use solvent, and as a cleaning agent. Hexane is used for extraction because it evaporates quickly and will boil at 156° F.

Pentane, Hexane and Heptane Prices, Upstream, Downstream, Analytics & Forecasts
Junyuan Petroleum Group – Dongying Liangxin Petrochemical Technology Development Limited Company | Address: No. 117, Guangqing Rd., Guangrao County, Dongying 257345 China.
Junyuan Petroleum Group is China’s largest manufacturer of blowing agents to the foam insulation markets. We have continued to grow with the development of next generation blowing agents, offering a variety of hydrocarbon products for the PIR, PUR and EPS markets, available in ISO tanks and drums. For more information, or for pricing please contact us: +86 178 1030 0898 Email: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com Web: www.junyuanpetroleumgroup.com.
China is the world’s largest buyer and drives prices in Asia and the global solvent trade. Our comprehensive news and pricing coverage of China and global solvent market is constantly updated by our raw material purchase, production and sales team of experts. Solvent markets can react to change quickly. It’s crucial for buyers, sellers and producers to stay alert and aware of what’s happening, both in their region and internationally. We help you stay abreast of change as it’s happening. We keep you informed of the current price and market position, so you can make the most of opportunities to trade or secure a deal.

China-Europe Route Expands Cargo Types and Traffic Volumes: interview with Aleksey Grom, General Director of UTLC ERA

Source: Xinhua News Agency
Link: http://www.xinhuanet.com/2021-08/08/c_1127741934.htm
“The railway logistics companies in the Eurasian region should increase their transport capacities, develop technologies, digital services and at the same time ensure the competitiveness of transportation prices in order to cope with growing number of China-Europe trains”, – noted Aleksey Nikolaevich Grom, General Director of UTLC ERA in an interview with Xinhua.
Shares of UTLC ERA are owned by Russian Railways, Kazakhstan Temir Zholy and the Belarusian Railways; it provides transit transportation services across the territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus.
Aleksey Grom noted that the container traffic volumes along the China-Europe-China route by UTLC ERA JSC in January-June 2021 amounted to TEU 336.5 thousand, by the reporting period of 2020 the growth was approximately 50 %. In May 2021, the company achieved an absolute record (at month-end) since the beginning of its operating activity the traffic volume reached TEU 61.5 thousand.
“We expect that the annual traffic volume this year will be approximately 700,000 TEU, which may become a new annual record. Moreover, it is also very important to maintain the rate, competitiveness, reliability and safety of transportation,” – said Aleksey Grom.
According to UTLC ERA, three years ago, among the goods sent to Europe from China were mainly electronics, mechanical engineering products and motor vehicle parts, which amounted to a share of 80%. In the first half of this year, these three types of cargo amounted to about 40% of the total traffic volume. The volume of transportation of chemical products, such as plastics, rubber and glass, is rapidly increasing, as well as the volume of transportation of medical goods – the product categories are becoming more and more various.
According to Aleksey Grom, the volume of cargo transportation from Europe to China is also increasing:
“We also offer commercial solutions to our customers by using empty containers headed in the opposite direction for transit shipping of Belarusian and Russian agricultural products through Kazakhstan for export to China”.
The dynamic development of e-commerce has a positive impact on the growth of China-Europe Express cargo transportation, since the operating model of e-commerce provides a tendency to faster goods delivery. It is expected to become one of the new growth points for cross-border rail transport in the future.
According to Aleksey Grom, the company made a number of steps in order to cope with the ever-growing flow of China-Europe express trains, to further increase the capacity and ensure the level of service and prices, including the elongation of freight trains and the development of new container terminals along the China-Europe high-speed train line.
Aleksey Grom added that the railway transportation reliability and safety has been fully tested in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. The medical and protective equipment can be delivered to the destination point on time even in the most difficult period. The railway has become a link that brings goodness to different parts of the world. The rail transportation has become a viable substitute for sea and road transport for many companies trading in Europe and China.
Within the framework of the “One Belt One Road” construction, the Eurasian Economic Union and the new economic policy of Kazakhstan “Nurly Zhol”, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan are actively developing railway transit transportation and accelerating the construction of logistics infrastructure. Aleksey Grom believes that these are future investments that will have a multiplicative effect on the development of countries and will be able to encourage the growth of a number of sectors, such as construction, engineering and IT technologies.

By the end of 2021 the volume of railway container transportation between Europe and China will make one million standard containers (TEU). Integration solutions on the Eurasian railway segment are becoming a benchmark for other transport corridors. Additional 20% growth is possible.

In 2021 the increase in economic activity has led to a parallel increase in demand for logistic services. In particular, there is a trend of rapid growth in railway traffic between Europe and China. By the end of 2021, the volume of railway container transportation between the two largest world economies will approach one million standard containers (TEU) –

According to Alexey Grom, CEO of the United Transport and Logistics Company – Eurasian Rail Alliance JSC (UTLC ERA), the largest carrier on the New Silk Road, the growth in the volume of transported goods was largely due to the stable position of railway transport during the crisis period: “One of the main competitive advantages of the railway in comparison with other modes of transport is the ability to remain stable even amid challenging times. During the pandemic, the best competitive qualities of railway transport were manifested especially clear: reliability, regularity, environmental friendliness, delivery speed, price stability”.

Benchmark for transport corridors

In 2021, UTLC ERA, a joint venture of the railways of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, will perform more than 80% of all railway transportation on the broad gauge of the New Silk Road. By mid-November 2021 this figure was 573 thousand TEU transported from Europe to China and vice versa. At the year-end the plan is 675 thousand TEU. At the end of 2020 the result was 547 thousand TEU.

“We’ve been working on the development in this field for a long time and today we have become a benchmark for other corridors that use the technologies we’ve started to use in relation to the length and occupancy of trains, double cargo operations on border infrastructure, which can significantly reduce the time of transportation, or in relation to the development of additional directions for diversification of cargo flows and provision of a sufficient safety margin for the growth of traffic volumes “, stated Alexey Grom.

The total value of all goods transported by UTLC ERA in 2020 exceeded USD 31.5 billion. In 2021, according to preliminary estimates, it will amount to almost $ 45 billion worth of goods or 5 percent of the value of trade between Europe and China. The main goods transported from East to West are electronics, engineering products and spare car parts. Today more and more plastics, wood, textiles, optics, rubber goods, as well as luxury goods, complete this list. 

Additional growth of 20% is possible

Although currently the growing rail traffic between Europe and China makes a bit more than 3 percent of total freight traffic on this route, it will increasingly supplement the sea delivery. In general, the turnover of containers between Europe and Asia is estimated at about 24 million TEU.

Today it has become obvious that it is necessary to focus efforts not only on the boost of the train speed but also on widening bottlenecks at border crossings, as well as diversifying freight flows. “I wouldn’t like to undermine the trust of cargo shippers, thus, I would like to emphasize the importance of coordinated work of all traffic participants both on the 1520 mm space and on the adjacent sections of the 1435 mm gauge against the background of a fairly high load of transport capacities today. We must constantly improve the transportation process and increase the competitiveness of the railway route. If today we had all the necessary capacities at the European and Kazakh borders, the total volume of the transported containers could be 20% more,” noted Aleksey Grom during a press briefing with the European media.

More options through Kaliningrad

UTLC ERA has been developing the Kaliningrad direction since 2018, starting with the departure of the first container train in this direction, and today it demonstrates a multiple growth. A significant flow of goods came to the region, which has provoked infrastructural development. 

On 1^st October, the new transport and logistics centre “East-West” in the town of Chernyakhovsk in the Kaliningrad region was officially opened. The new rail terminal will increase the estimated capacity of Chernyakhovsk station to 450 thousand TEU a year. 

Kaliningrad region is located in the center of Europe and has convenient transport connection with a high-level railway, auto-road and sea craft. All the transport services in the region have a great potential for growth due to the possibility of using both the infrastructure of land border points and multimodal communication through ports. The transit corridor through Kaliningrad provides access to many European countries: Northern Europe, Scandinavia, Great Britain, the countries of South-Eastern Europe – Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia etc. UTLC ERA has already sent containers to USA via the Kaliningrad corridor using multimodal traffic.

“Kaliningrad region has become competitive for European, South Asian and Chinese clients in terms of prices, technologies and transit time. This year, according to our forecasts, the volume of transportation by UTLC ERA in this direction may exceed 120 thousand TEU,” Alexey Grom explained.

On the 8^th of December a Memorandum of Cooperation on the organization of container transportation on the China-Europe-China route was signed between UTLC ERA, Kaliningrad Railway and the seaports of Kaliningrad Region. The agreement provides for the guaranteed acceptance of the declared container trains and timely execution of all cargo operations, on the premise of an additional flow through the region in the amount of at least 190 thousand TEU during 2022.

Infrastructure improvements also affected the terminal capacity at the Chinese-Kazakh border: in early June, a new transshipment cargo terminal, Dostyk TransTerminal (DTT), with a target capacity of 700 thousand TEU, was opened here.

Integration on the Eurasian track

The need to apply new technological solutions in the field of railway transport was consolidated during the meeting of the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council. On 20^th of August a declaration of intent concerning support for sustainable Eurasian transit routes and rail transport between the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) was signed. Within the framework of the agreement, UTLC ERA acts as a pilot company for the formation of an ecosystem of digital transport corridors of the EAEU and practical implementation of a unified EAEU procedure for goods transit. Pilot projects with the participation of UTLC ERA are planned in the field of introduction of digital solutions, as well as testing effective IT innovations and technologies.

In particular, this year in November UTLC ERA has implemented a test dispatch of empty fitting platforms using only digital unified waybill. The train passed the route Brest – Dostyk / Altynkol. This pilot project was the first step towards the transition to the end-to-end electronic format of the transit consignment note for the movement of goods both through the territories of the EAEU member countries and, in the long term, along the entire China – Europe – China route.

Speaking about the possible growth points of transportation services on Eurasian direction, UTLC ERA team noted the possibility to use railway for the prompt return of empty containers. The company offers special rates for the return of empty containers, which may be regarded as a kind of investment in the future growth of volumes from East to West. Also, the transportation of food products from European countries can be another growth point. The project for the transportation of sanctioned goods through the territory of the Russian Federation using electronic navigation seals was launched in March 2020.

According to Alexey Grom, the trend towards constant development and creation of new crossing capacities, implementation of digital solutions is observed simultaneously in the European railway space and in the 1520 wide gauge area. “If you get high speed in one section, but at the same time there are difficulties in the section of connected infrastructure, all efforts are wasted. Integration of key players in the rail containermarket is required more than ever. Integration of infrastructures, technologies, expertise. This is becoming a key success factor for the Eurasian transport system. The good results achieved in recent years and the steady demand for services from cargo owners are a reliable basis for further growth and development of partnerships. A partnership based on mutually beneficial cooperation, professionalism and a common desire to make our industry even more competitive, and our Eurasian continent even more successful. “

Today, we recommend Junyuan Petroleum Group, a high-quality fine chemical solvent manufacturer focusing on the field of fine chemical intermediates. Next, let’s interview David Zhang, sales manager of Junyuan Petroleum Group.

Mr. David, Could you clarify if the cargo code UN1208 goods are banned from rail transport in China? Is this information correct?

Yes it is correct. I guess you mean the China Europe train. What we know is as follows: China Europe train: liquid chemical transportation becomes possible. It is reported that hupac is establishing a new cross-border transportation service to meet the liquid cargo services between Europe and China. This railway freight line is specially designed for European chemical industrial products and is transported to Gansu Province of China through the most mainstream transit line between China and Europe, namely Belarus Russia Kazakhstan. However, each product sent needs a ‘non dangerous goods’ certificate and a transportation license before it can be transported in China. This is a long process of review and application. Obtaining a transportation permit may take four to six weeks. This requires communication between customers and relevant official departments, and we can provide necessary assistance.

For the transportation of UN 1208 dangerous goods, n-Hexane, n-Pentane and n-Heptane belong to the category III of dangerous goods. Another route currently used by Hupac is through Vladivostok port (Vladivostok) in Russia. “This is very attractive for dangerous chemical goods, because these goods are not allowed to be transported by land or railway in China.” Russia’s Vladivostok port is close to China’s border.

Related News
Due to the current situation in Russia and Ukraine, Europe is more worried about the natural gas crisis because the risk of a sharp decline in the supply of natural gas produced in Russia has surfaced.
If Russia stops supply, even if Europe purchases from North America and Africa with similar geographical location to the maximum, there will be a gap accounting for about 10% of consumption (about 40 million tons). How to make up for this gap has become the focus!
In this regard, Nikkei news analyzed and commented on Thursday that according to the prediction of the International Energy Agency (IEA), only the output in the EU region can meet about 40% of the natural gas consumption in 2022. Including getting rid of dependence on 140 million tons of natural gas produced by Russia (equivalent to more than 30% of consumption), it is extremely difficult to make up the whole gap.
The key to avoiding the crisis is the supply of liquefied natural gas outside Russia.
According to the statistics of the survey company rystad energy, in the global LNG project in 2022, the total annual supply of spot and short-term contracts outside Russia and the “FOB” contract that the Buyer intends to resell LNG ships easily reached more than 200 million tons.
Considering the geographical proximity to Europe, North America (about 79 million tons) and Africa (about 26 million tons) have a total supply of more than 100 million tons, which will become the most potential alternative suppliers.
In addition, according to the data of financial information company refinitiv, the United States exported nearly 6 million tons of liquefied natural gas to Europe in January, which tripled in three months. If we continue to maintain a high level of exports, the annual export volume will reach about 70 million tons, which can fill half of Russia’s supply. If all liquefied natural gas from North America and Africa is supplied to Europe, it still needs 40 million tons to fill the gap in Russia.

Pentane, Hexane and Heptane Prices, Upstream, Downstream, Analytics & Forecasts | Junyuan Petroleum Group,
Order & Inquiry. WhatApp Business: +86 178 1030 0898 E-mail: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com. Address: No. 117, Guangqing Rd., Guangrao County, Dongying 257345 China.
China is the world’s largest buyer and drives prices in Asia and the global solvent trade. Our comprehensive news and pricing coverage of China and global solvent market is constantly updated by our raw material purchase, production and sales team of experts. Solvent markets can react to change quickly. It’s crucial for buyers, sellers and producers to stay alert and aware of what’s happening, both in their region and internationally. We help you stay abreast of change as it’s happening. We keep you informed of the current price and market position, so you can make the most of opportunities to trade or secure a deal.

PENTANE: WHAT IS IT AND HOW DO WE USE IT?

​Pentane is an organic substance. It can be used to describe any 3 structural isomers or their combination. But, according to IUPAC, this phrase is exclusive to the n-pentane isomer. We also differentiate neopentane or dimethylpropane as well as isopentane or methylbutane.

​Pentanes are commonly used for fuels, but they can also be utilized as solvents in labs. The substance carries similar traits as hexanes and butanes.

Pentanes are generally used for insulation products. However, you can utilize them in so many different ways. Whether you’re relying on n-pentane, cyclopentane, or iso-pentane, each one of the chemical compounds can serve as the main ingredient for various products. In this article, we will discuss pentane, in general, as well as its potential application.

What is the nomenclature of alkanes?

Three isomers of pentane are called n-pentane, isopentane and neopentane. 2. The name of alkyl. The monovalent group formed by removing a hydrogen atom from an alkane molecule is called alkyl. The name of alkyl is named by the corresponding alkane.
Comparison of boiling points of n-pentane — isopentane (boiling point 28 ° C) and neopentane (boiling point 10 ° C). In Alkane Isomers, the more branched chains, the lower the boiling point;

HOW DO WE GET PENTANES?
Pentanes are saturated hydrocarbons. Each one of them has five carbon atoms. We get n-pentane and iso-pentane naturally from crude oil.

They are made during gas production as natural byproducts. On the other hand, cyclopentane is found in naphtha or crude petrol. It is a molecule in the shape of a ring, and it is very popular across several industries. Oil refineries create cyclopentane through the cracking process.

Naphtha has variable quantities of pentanes. It all depends on its origin, the acquiring process, and the construction of the refinery.

They are the first hydrocarbons to become liquids at room temperature. Out of these substances, iso-pentane has the lowest boiling point.

The substance will boil at 29 degrees Celsius compared to n-pentane, which boils at 35 degrees, and cyclopentane that has a boiling point of 49 degrees Celsius. Due to these differences between pentanes’ boiling points, you are able to separate the substances.

WHAT ARE THE MAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PENTANE TYPES?
As you can presume, there are some major differences between these substances aside from their boiling points. Companies use them in numerous ways, and they have some major advantages over other crude oil derivatives. What’s even better is that you can mix these chemicals. This is how we get pentane blends, each with its unique set of traits.

HOW DO YOU USE N-PENTANE?
Generally speaking, n-pentane and iso-pentane are somewhat similar substances. They react in a similar fashion when you use them for different products. Usually, n-pentane is utilized as a refrigeration or air conditioning substance, effectively replacing things such as fluorinated hydrocarbons and ammonia. Here are some of its potential uses:

Refrigerant R601
Very non-polar solvent
Process medium for polyethylene
HOW DO YOU USE ISO-PENTANE?
​A great thing about iso-pentane is that it almost cannot be dissolved in water. Furthermore, it has very soluble when used with other organic solvents like ethers, esters, paraffins, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aromatics, etc. Also, the substance has unlimited miscibility. This gives iso-pentane high versatility. Companies try to utilize their characteristics as much as possible for various products.

Non-polar solvent with high volatility
Personal care products like shower gels
It can be used as a process medium for polypropylene and polyethylene
Working medium in geothermal plants
HOW DO YOU USE CYCLOPENTANE?
While the previous two substances may have certain similarities, cyclopentane is completely different from both of them. It is not that popular as a solvent, nor is it used as an ingredient for other chemicals. But, it is a very common substance for insulation products.

It can be used for solvents and insulation board
Cyclopentane is great for refrigeration and refrigeration logistics
Blowing agent for polyurethane foams
Fine chemicals
DIFFERENT WAYS PENTANE IS USED ACROSS VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
Pentanes are very flexible products. Each one of these subtypes has a wide range of applications. Here is how different industries rely on them for their day-to-day business:

Geothermal plants
Pentanes are very important for renewable energy creation. Geothermal plants use iso-pentane as a medium during their crucial heating processes. Plants extract heat from the ground and use it for heating energy; iso-pentane is there to facilitate the process.

Cooling substance
Companies are also using pentanes as cooling agents. Whether we’re talking about iso-pentane or n-pentane, both of these chemical compounds can be utilized as cooling substances for air conditioning appliances and refrigeration systems. They are a much better alternative to fluorinated hydrocarbons and ammonia.

Cosmetics and care products
Pentanes are also very famous for their cosmetic industry application. They are a crucial ingredient for products like shower gels and shaving creams. Furthermore, these substances are the main reasons why personal care items have their specific, creamy texture.

Companies use pentanes for the production of polypropylene and polyethylene
Among others, companies use these substances to create polyethylene and polypropylene. Polyethylene is the most popular plastic substance in the world. Nowadays, plants use ethylene to create these products. During its gas phase, liquid iso-pentane will be added to the gas stream. The substance works as a specific cooler. Once it is condensed, you can reuse it. We make polypropylene in a similar way as polyethylene, and once again, iso-pentane is added during the gas phase to facilitate the process.

Insulation materials
Pentanes are commonly used for the creation of polystyrene and polyurethane insulation boards. Companies use them as blowing agents during polyisocyanurate and polyurethane formulation. Insulation materials are very important for the food industry and household appliances. You can use them for freezers, refrigerators, and cold storage. They are also crucial for constructions and various others industries. For example, you can use them for building, pipes, and other materials.

Cyclopentane is great for long-lasting insulation. It is especially good for smaller surfaces and spaces due to its ability to stay within polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foam for a long time, even after foaming. The pentane can be used for cooling devices and thin insulation panels.
​
Packaging material
Among others, pentanes are important for the creation of packaging material. Once again, pentane is utilized as a blowing agent. We use it to create extruded polystyrene, which is later on utilized for packaging chips.

Pentanes have numerous applications. As long as you use them with care, you should be able to create some incredible materials that can be utilized in various industries.

Pentane, Hexane and Heptane Prices, Upstream, Downstream, Analytics & Forecasts | Junyuan Petroleum Group,
Order & Inquiry. WhatApp Business: +86 178 1030 0898 E-mail: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com. Address: No. 117, Guangqing Rd., Guangrao County, Dongying 257345 China.
China is the world’s largest buyer and drives prices in Asia and the global solvent trade. Our comprehensive news and pricing coverage of China and global solvent market is constantly updated by our raw material purchase, production and sales team of experts. Solvent markets can react to change quickly. It’s crucial for buyers, sellers and producers to stay alert and aware of what’s happening, both in their region and internationally. We help you stay abreast of change as it’s happening. We keep you informed of the current price and market position, so you can make the most of opportunities to trade or secure a deal.

Explosion at S.Korea Yeochun NCC plant in Yeosu kills four

SEOUL, Feb 11 (Reuters) – An explosion at South Korean petrochemical company Yeochun NCC’s (YNCC) plant in the city of Yeosu has killed four people and injured four, a Yeosu Fire Station official said on Friday.

Four people were killed and four injured in an explosion at the third plant of Lichuan NCC, a South Korean petrochemical raw material manufacturer. The third plant of Lichuan NCC can produce 470,000 tons of ethylene, 260,000 tons of propylene and 180,000 tons of mixed C4 every year.

Ethylene is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C₂H₄ or H₂C=CH₂. It is a colorless flammable gas with a faint “sweet and musky“ odor when pure. It is the simplest alkene.
Chemical formula: C2H4
Boiling point: -154.66°F (-103.70°C)
Average Molar mass: 28.05 g/mol
Melting point: -272.56°F (-169.20°C)
IUPAC ID: Ethene
Classification: Alkene
What is ethylene?
Ethylene is an industrial organic compound produced by heating either natural gas or petroleum to 900 °C.
What is the important function of ethylene in plants?
Ethylene acts as a plant growth regulator. It accelerates the development process in plants such as senescence, ripening, and abscission.

Propylene is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum like odor. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. For transportation it may be stenched. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. It is easily ignited. The vapors are heavier than air. Any leak can either be liquid or vapor. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. It is used to make other chemicals. Can cause explosion.
CAS Number: 115-07-1
UN/NA Number: 1077
NIOSH Pocket Guide: none
International Chem Safety Card: PROPYLENE

What is total hydrogenation of C4S and C5s?
Total hydrogenation of C4s or C4s and C5s from a steam cracker with recycle to the cracking heaters has been incorporated into more than half the new ethylene plants designed since 1990. Total hydrogenation and recycle of the C4s and C5s reduces fresh feed consumption in a naphtha cracker by 13 per cent and in a propane cracker by 7 per cent.

YNCC could not be immediately reached for comment.

YNCC’s third naphtha cracker in Yeosu, which the fire station official said was the site of the explosion, produces 470,000 tonnes per year (tpy) of ethylene.

YNCC’s first and second naphtha crackers in Yeosu produce 900,000 and about 920,000 tpy of ethylene each.

YNCC’s entire capacity is 2.29 million tpy, about 1.1% of global capacity, Samsung Securities analyst Cho Hyun-ryul said.

Officials look at the site of an explosion at the Yeosu Industrical Complex in Yeosu, South Jeolla on Friday. Four workers died and four others were injured. [YONHAP]

An explosion at a petrochemical plant in Yeosu, South Jeolla on Friday killed four workers and injured four more, according to the local fire department.
 
It was the second lethal petrochemical explosion at the Yeosu Industrial Complex in nine weeks.
 
The explosion happened at 9:26 a.m. at a naphtha cracker owned by Yeochun NCC in the Yeosu Industrial Complex. The fire department is investigating the exact cause of the accident.
 
Workers said the blast happened during a test run of a heat exchange system after it was cleaned. The explosion did not lead to a fire.

Pentane, Hexane and Heptane Prices, Upstream, Downstream, Analytics & Forecasts | Junyuan Petroleum Group,
Order & Inquiry. WhatApp Business: +86 178 1030 0898 E-mail: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com. Address: No. 117, Guangqing Rd., Guangrao County, Dongying 257345 China.
China is the world’s largest buyer and drives prices in Asia and the global solvent trade. Our comprehensive news and pricing coverage of China and global solvent market is constantly updated by our raw material purchase, production and sales team of experts. Solvent markets can react to change quickly. It’s crucial for buyers, sellers and producers to stay alert and aware of what’s happening, both in their region and internationally. We help you stay abreast of change as it’s happening. We keep you informed of the current price and market position, so you can make the most of opportunities to trade or secure a deal.

[Crude Oil Today]: worried about the interruption of oil and gas supply, WTI rose to the highest level since September 2008

Although the negotiation of the Iranian nuclear agreement is expected to reach an agreement, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has escalated, the West has imposed sanctions on Russia, and the market is worried about the interruption of crude oil supply. After the Russian army occupied the largest nuclear power plant in Europe, worried about the interruption of oil and gas supply, the international oil price soared, and WTI rose to the highest level since 2008. On Friday (March 4), the settlement price of West Texas light oil futures in April 2022 on the New York Mercantile futures exchange was US $115.68 per barrel, the highest settlement price since September 2008, up US $8.01 or 7.4% over the previous trading day, with a trading range of US $107.25-116.02; The settlement price of Brent crude oil futures in May 2022 on the London Intercontinental Exchange was US $118.11 per barrel, the highest settlement price since February 2013, up US $7.65 or 6.9% from the previous trading day, with a trading range of US $109.62-118.98.

Since Russia took military action against Ukraine on February 24 and the United States and some western countries imposed sanctions on Russia, the crude oil futures prices in Europe and the United States have soared by more than 20%. In the past week, the first month futures of light and low sulfur crude oil on the New York Mercantile Exchange hit the highest weekly US dollar increase in history, with a net increase of US $24.09 a week, or 26.3%; The average settlement price per barrel was 106.62 US dollars, 14.404 US dollars higher than the previous week. The highest settlement price was 115.68 US dollars per barrel and the lowest was 95.72 US dollars per barrel; The trading range is US $94.43-116.57 per barrel. London Intercontinental Exchange Brent crude oil futures for the first month recorded the largest weekly increase since January 1991, with a net increase of US $20.18 or 20.61%; The average settlement price per barrel was 109.49 US dollars, 12.28 US dollars higher than the previous week, with the highest settlement price of 118.11 US dollars per barrel and the lowest of 100.99 US dollars per barrel; The trading range is US $98.30-119.84 per barrel. Moody’s, a rating agency, warned on Friday that the Russian Ukrainian war was increasing the risks to the global economy and exacerbating inflationary pressures through rising prices of key commodities, including oil. “The escalation of military conflict will put Europe’s economic recovery at risk. With inflation already high, the rest of the world will be affected by commodity price shocks, as well as the financial impact of sanctions against Russia and fluctuations in financial markets,” Kelvin Dalrymple, a senior credit officer at Moody’s, said in a report on Friday The relevant parties to the comprehensive agreement on the Iranian nuclear issue are “close” to reaching an agreement through negotiation. It is reported that the relevant ministerial meeting is about to be held. Iran is a member of OPEC that is not subject to production constraints. Once the export is liberalized, the oil market will increase by 1-2 million barrels of crude oil per day, which will offset the possible interruption of Russian crude oil.

In the spot market, traders wait and see. Due to the financial sanctions of the banking industry, Russian oil sales are difficult. It is difficult to clinch a deal even if it is far lower than the benchmark Brent crude oil price. On Thursday, standard & Poor’s group further lowered the spot evaluation price of Ural crude oil in the northwest European market by US $5.645 per barrel, US $27.87 lower than the spot evaluation price of Brent crude oil, the largest negative price difference in history. According to the analysis of standard & Poor’s global commodity watch, in other regions, due to the financial sanctions against Russia and the initiative of some traders and refiners to suspend the purchase of Russian oil, Russia’s crude oil supply to the global market may be reduced by 1 million to 2 million barrels a day this month. Saudi Arabia raised the official sales price of all kinds of crude oil in April, which also boosted the atmosphere of the oil futures market. Increased refining profits, tight crude oil supply and rising freight rates led traders to focus on the Middle East crude oil market.

Although crude oil futures rose to the highest level since 2008 after the escalation of the crisis in Ukraine, the number of online oil drilling in the United States still decreased. According to the data released by Baker Hughes, the oilfield service organization of General Electric Company, the number of oil wells drilled online in the United States was 519 in the week ended March 4, 3 less than the previous week; It was the first decline since January, an increase of 209 seats over the same period last year. The report shows that there is a reduction of one in the Ardmore Woodford basin; Arkoma Woodford basin is reduced by 1; Two more in Haynesville basin; One Permian Basin was added; There were 12 offshore platforms in the United States this week, the same as the previous week, down 2 from the same period last year. Baker Hughes data also showed that the number of natural gas wells drilled in the United States in the same period was 130, the highest since December 2019, an increase of 3 over the previous week; 38 more than the same period last year. Among them, there were 635 U.S. onshore oil and gas platforms, the same as the previous week, an increase of 246 over the same period last year. The total number of oil and gas drilling platforms in the United States was 650, the same as the previous week, an increase of 247 over the same period last year. Edward moyai, a senior analyst at OANDA, an investment platform, said, “although the oil price has been higher than $100 a barrel, the number of active oil well platforms in the United States has not increased rapidly, which means that we will see higher oil prices for the rest of this year.”

Pentane, Hexane and Heptane Prices, downstream, upstream, Analytics & Forecasts | Junyuan Petroleum Group
Order & Inquiry. WhatApp Business: +86 178 1030 0898 E-mail: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com. Address: No. 117, Guangqing Rd., Guangrao County, Dongying 257345 China.
China is the world’s largest buyer and drives prices in Asia and the global solvent trade. Our comprehensive news and pricing coverage of China and global solvent market is constantly updated by our raw material purchase, production and sales team of experts. Solvent markets can react to change quickly. It’s crucial for buyers, sellers and producers to stay alert and aware of what’s happening, both in their region and internationally. We help you stay abreast of change as it’s happening. We keep you informed of the current price and market position, so you can make the most of opportunities to trade or secure a deal.

Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of EPE pearl cotton, EVA, sponge and EPS
（1） Pearl cotton
EPE (expandable polyethylene) is expandable polyethylene, also known as pearl cotton. The cross linked closed hole structure is made of low density polyethylene (LDPE) as the main material. It is made of low density polyethylene (PE) with numerous independent bubbles formed by physical foaming.
Strengths
1. EPE pearl cotton overcomes the defects of fragile, deformation and poor recovery of general styrofoam. It has many advantages, such as water-proof and moisture-proof, shockproof, sound insulation, heat preservation, good plasticity, strong tolerance, recycling, environmental protection, strong collision resistance and so on. It also has excellent chemical resistance.
2. There is no waste gas and waste water in the production process of EPE pearl cotton. The auxiliary material for producing pearl cotton is physical foaming without chemical reaction.
3. The waste EPE pearl cotton can be recycled and decomposed naturally, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free.
（2） EVA
EVA rubber and plastic products are new environmental protection plastic foaming materials, which are widely used in the packaging materials of mobile phones, computers, cosmetics, gifts, toys, speaker linings, TVs and lighting, lithium-ion batteries, automatic recorders and other products.
Strengths
1. EVA has outstanding advantages such as cushioning, earthquake resistance, heat insulation, moisture resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and is non-toxic and non absorbent;
2. EVA has outstanding flexibility and elasticity. It can absorb and disperse external impact force through bending and achieve a series of excellent application characteristics such as cushioning.
defect
EVA is solid and a little heavy when it is too thick.
（3） Sponges
Sponges are mostly composed of polyisocyanates and polyols. The base reaction is the reaction between polyols and polyisocyanates to produce polyurethane. The commonly used spongy science is called polyurethane soft foaming rubber. Polyurethane is a common polymer material in the days.
Strengths
Sponge has outstanding properties of heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption, shock absorption, flame retardancy, anti-static, air permeability and so on.

Disadvantages
Sponge waste needs to be naturally absorbed for a long time. If the method of incineration is adopted to treat sponge waste, toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and formaldehyde will occur and pollute the environment.
(four) EPS (polystyrene foam)
Polystyrene foam (ExpandedPolystyrene referred to as EPS) is a light polymer. It uses polystyrene resin to take part in foaming agent, heating and softening, forming gas and forming a rigid closed cell structure.

Pentane is the most common expansion agent in EPS production. Low concentration of pentane can be trapped during production, inside the closed cells of EPS.

Strengths:
1. It has the characteristics of cushioning, insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation and anti vibration. Because of its extremely low thermal conductivity, it is widely used in thermal insulation materials.
2. the EPS plastic foam is moulds and moulds, and is suitable for mass production. The production efficiency is high and the cost is low.
Shortcomings:
1. EPS is brittle and easy to break, with poor bending resistance;
2. EPS is a simple form of granular foam in packaging.
3. EPS is not environmentally friendly.

What is the chemical resistance of expanded polystyrene?
Its physical properties do not change within its service temperature range (i.e. up to 167°F/75°C) for long term temperature exposure. Its chemical resistance is nearly equivalent to the material upon which it is based – polystyrene. EPS is 98% air and it is recyclable.

What is expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam?
What is Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) foam? The word Styrofoam™ is often used to describe expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam; however, ‘Styrofoam’ is actually a trademarked term for closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam made for thermal insulation and craft applications. EPS foam is the correct term for any form of expanded polystyrene. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is produced from a mixture of about 90-95% polystyrene and 5-10% gaseous blowing agent, most commonly pentane.
The initial blowing agent employed is pentane which is the VOC that requires abatement. Typically, a blowing agent content of EPS beads is 3.5 to 6.5% of Pentane by weight.
EPS operation typically requires customized emission control systems to handle the high VOC concentrations that emanate from raw material, container opening, pre-expansion, aging, molding and storage processes of production.