Hexane is an organic compound belonging to the alkane class, mainly used for organic synthesis and solvents. According to the information searched online, the price level of hexane is affected by various factors, such as crude oil prices, supply and demand, regional differences, seasonal changes, etc.

According to the data, the current price level of hexane in different regions of the world is roughly as follows:

Region Price (USD/ton)

Asia 1,200 – 1,300

Europe 1,100 – 1,200

America 1,000 – 1,100

These prices are for reference only and may change at any time. For more information about hexane, please contact us.

Calcium Chloride: A Versatile Chemical Compound

Calcium chloride is a chemical compound composed of chlorine and calcium, with the chemical formula CaCl2. It is a typical ionic halide, which is white, hard fragments or granules at room temperature. It has a slightly bitter taste and is highly soluble in water.

Calcium chloride is an important chemical raw material, mainly used for making lime, gypsum, detergent, pesticide and other products. It also has some medical and biological applications, such as:

• By intravenous injection of 10% calcium chloride solution, it can be used to treat hypocalcemia, and calcium chloride can also be used to treat magnesium poisoning.
• By electrocardiogram measurement, it is found that injection of calcium chloride solution can antagonize cardiac toxicity.
• In the case of hyperkalemia caused by hyperkalemia, calcium chloride can protect the myocardium and prevent arrhythmia.
• Calcium chloride is a common emergency medicine in American hospital emergency rooms, which can be used to quickly treat hypotension, shock, respiratory arrest and other conditions.
• Calcium chloride can also form hydrates or solutions with other substances, such as calcium chloride dihydrate, calcium chloride trihydrate, calcium chloride tetrahydrate, etc. These hydrates or solutions have important application value in food manufacturing, construction materials, dyeing and other fields.

China is the world’s largest producer and exporter of calcium chloride, with an output of 120 million tons and an export volume of 80 million tons in 2022, accounting for 66.7% of the global total. The main destination countries for China’s calcium chloride exports are the United States, Germany, Japan, South Korea, etc., among which the United States is China’s largest importer of calcium chloride, importing 60 million tons of calcium chloride from China in 2023.

The export of calcium chloride generally requires compliance with the relevant laws and regulations such as the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Import and Export Commodity Inspection and the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine, as well as the relevant regulations of the destination countries and regions, and carry out qualified inspection, quarantine and declaration procedures. The export of calcium chloride also requires the use of moisture-proof, waterproof and pollution-proof packaging materials, such as plastic bags, woven bags, cartons, etc., to ensure the quality and safety of the products. The packaging should also indicate the name, specification, quantity, origin, destination and other information of the product, for the convenience of transportation and customs clearance.

The United States is the world’s second largest producer and consumer of calcium chloride, with an output of 40 million tons and a consumption of 50 million tons in 2022. The United States mainly uses calcium chloride for making lime, detergent, pesticide and other products. The consumption of calcium chloride in the United States in 2023 is estimated to be around 50 million tons, according to historical trends and forecast analysis.

Germany is the world’s third largest producer and consumer of calcium chloride, with an output of 30 million tons and a consumption of 40 million tons in 2022. Germany mainly uses calcium chloride for making lime, detergent, pesticide and other products.

Japan is the world’s fourth largest producer and consumer of calcium chloride, with an output of 20 million tons and a consumption of 30 million tons in 2022. Japan mainly uses calcium chloride for making lime, detergent, pesticide and other products.

South Korea is the world’s fifth largest producer and consumer of calcium chloride, with an output of 10 million tons and a consumption of 15 million tons in 2022. South Korea mainly uses calcium chloride for making lime, detergent, pesticide and other products.

In addition to these countries, there are some other countries that also produce and use calcium chloride, such as India, Russia, Brazil, etc. Calcium chloride is a widely used chemical compound in various industries and fields, and has great economic and social benefits.

Tires are essential parts of vehicles that provide traction, stability, and comfort. But do you know how tires are made and what chemicals are involved in the process? In this article, we will introduce one of the common solvents used in tire production: hexane.

What is hexane?

Hexane (C3H8) is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid with a pungent odor and toxicity. It is mainly used as a solvent, cleaning agent, disinfectant, and other industrial purposes. Hexane can dissolve paints, resins, and other materials, making it useful for various applications.

How is hexane used in tire production?

Hexane is mainly used as a solvent in tire production, as it can dissolve the materials used for coating the tires, such as rubber, nylon, polyester, etc. By using hexane, the coating efficiency and quality of the tires can be improved, as well as the adhesion and durability of the materials.

What are the hazards of hexane in tire production?

Hexane is also a hazardous chemical that can cause irritation, damage, and pollution to humans and the environment. When using hexane, the following precautions should be taken:

• Wear protective equipment, such as gloves, masks, glasses, etc., to avoid direct contact or inhalation.
• Operate in a well-ventilated area, to avoid inhaling harmful gases.
• Clean the workplace and equipment promptly after use, to avoid leaving residues that can harm humans and the environment.
• Dispose of the waste properly according to the regulations, to avoid leakage or fire.

Conclusion

Hexane is a common solvent used in tire production, but it also has some risks and drawbacks. Therefore, it is important to use it carefully and responsibly, and to seek alternative and safer methods if possible. By doing so, we can ensure the safety and quality of our tires, as well as the health and well-being of ourselves and our planet. 

Isobutane is a colorless flammable liquid that belongs to the hydrocarbon family. It is mainly used as a feedstock for producing isobutylene, which is a key intermediate for making synthetic rubber, plastics, coatings, and other products. It can also be used as a solvent, a fuel, or a raw material for other chemical reactions.

Isobutane is widely available and inexpensive, as it can be obtained from natural gas or crude oil. It has two main sources: refinery streams and natural gas liquids (NGLs). Refinery streams are the by-products of crude oil refining, such as naphtha and gasoline. NGLs are the components of natural gas that are separated and liquefied, such as ethane, propane, and butane.

The global market for isobutane is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% from 2020 to 2027, reaching $36.8 billion by 2027, according to a report by Grand View Research. The major drivers for this growth are the increasing demand for synthetic rubber, especially in the automotive and tire industries, and the rising consumption of plastics, especially in the packaging and construction sectors.

Asia is the largest and fastest-growing region for isobutane, accounting for more than 40% of the global market share in 2019, according to the same report. The region is also the largest producer and consumer of isobutylene, which is derived from isobutane. The main factors that contribute to the high demand for isobutane in Asia are the rapid industrialization, urbanization, and population growth, as well as the development of the petrochemical and chemical sectors.

The main industries that use isobutane in Asia are petrochemical, synthetic resin, coating, rubber, pharmaceutical, and others. These industries require isobutane for various purposes, such as making isobutylene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), polyisobutylene (PIB), and other derivatives. These derivatives have various applications, such as making synthetic rubber, fuel additives, antioxidants, lubricants, adhesives, sealants, and medicines.

The main countries that import isobutane in Asia are China, India, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. These countries have a large and growing demand for isobutane, but they do not have enough domestic production or supply to meet their needs. Therefore, they rely on imports from other countries, such as Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia.

The main countries that export isobutane in Asia are Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia. These countries have a surplus of isobutane, as they have abundant natural gas or crude oil resources, or they have advanced refining or processing facilities. Therefore, they export isobutane to other countries, especially in Asia, to earn revenue and expand their market share.

The main challenges that face the isobutane market in Asia are the fluctuation of oil and gas prices, the environmental and safety regulations, and the competition from alternative feedstocks, such as bio-based materials. These challenges may affect the supply, demand, and profitability of isobutane and its derivatives. Therefore, the isobutane suppliers and customers need to adopt strategies, such as diversification, innovation, and collaboration, to overcome these challenges and seize the opportunities in the market.

Isobutane is a vital and versatile chemical that has many applications and benefits for various industries and sectors. It is also a strategic and profitable commodity that has a huge and growing market potential in Asia. Therefore, it is important to understand the dynamics and trends of the isobutane market in Asia, and to identify the opportunities and challenges that it presents.

Flammable liquids are substances that can catch fire easily when exposed to heat, sparks or flames. They are widely used in various industries, such as chemical, pharmaceutical, oil and gas, and transportation. However, transporting flammable liquids poses significant challenges and risks, as they may cause fire, explosion, leakage, or environmental pollution if not handled properly. Therefore, it is essential to choose the appropriate containers and methods for transporting flammable liquids safely and efficiently.

In this article, we will focus on two common types of flammable liquids: butane and isobutane. Butane and isobutane are both liquid hydrocarbons, belonging to the third class of dangerous goods². They are mainly used as fuels, refrigerants, propellants, and solvents. They have similar chemical properties, but different molecular structures. Butane has a straight-chain structure, while isobutane has a branched-chain structure. This difference affects their physical properties, such as boiling point, vapor pressure, and density.

We will introduce the characteristics and applications of butane and isobutane, and explain how they can be transported using ISOTank containers, which are specially designed for carrying liquid or gas cargoes. We will also compare the advantages and disadvantages of different types of ISOTank containers, and provide some tips and suggestions for choosing and using them.

What are Butane and Isobutane?

Butane and isobutane are both colorless and odorless liquids at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. They have low viscosity and high volatility, meaning that they can easily flow and evaporate. They are also highly flammable and explosive, meaning that they can ignite and explode when mixed with air in certain proportions. They have low toxicity and low corrosivity, meaning that they have little harmful effects on human health and metal materials.

Butane and isobutane have many industrial and domestic applications, such as:

• As fuels for cooking, heating, and camping. They are often stored in pressurized cylinders or cartridges, and burned in stoves, heaters, or lanterns.
• As refrigerants for cooling and freezing. They are often used in refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners, and heat pumps, as they have good thermodynamic properties and low environmental impact.
• As propellants for aerosols and foams. They are often used in spray cans, such as hairsprays, deodorants, paints, and whipped creams, as they can create high pressure and fine mist.
• As solvents for extraction and purification. They are often used in chemical processes, such as oil refining, natural gas processing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing, as they can dissolve and separate various substances.

How to Transport Butane and Isobutane?

Butane and isobutane can be transported by various modes, such as pipelines, trucks, trains, ships, and planes. However, each mode has its own limitations and challenges, such as capacity, cost, safety, and environmental impact. Therefore, it is important to choose the most suitable mode for different situations and destinations.

One of the most common and convenient modes for transporting butane and isobutane is using ISOTank containers, which are standardized and modularized containers that can carry liquid or gas cargoes. ISOTank containers are made of stainless steel, and have a cylindrical tank inside a rectangular frame. They have various valves, fittings, and accessories, such as heating, insulation, pressure relief, and inert gas systems, to ensure the safety and quality of the cargoes. They can be easily loaded and unloaded, and transferred between different modes, such as trucks, trains, ships, and planes, without changing the containers.

ISOTank containers are classified into different types according to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, which regulates the transportation of dangerous goods by sea. The types of ISOTank containers are based on the design pressure, the minimum and maximum temperatures, and the test pressure of the containers. The main types of ISOTank containers are:

• IMO 1: for transporting substances with a vapor pressure of less than 1.5 bar at 50°C, and a test pressure of at least 6 bar.
• IMO 2: for transporting substances with a vapor pressure of less than 4 bar at 50°C, and a test pressure of at least 4 bar.
• IMO 5: for transporting refrigerated liquefied gases, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide, with a test pressure of at least 1.8 bar.
• IMO 7: for transporting cryogenic liquefied gases, such as liquid nitrogen, oxygen, and helium, with a test pressure of at least 10 bar.

According to the IMDG Code, butane and isobutane should be transported using IMO 1 or IMO 2 ISOTank containers, as they have a vapor pressure of about 2.3 bar and 3.1 bar at 50°C, respectively³. These types of ISOTank containers have the following features:

• The tank is made of stainless steel, which can resist the corrosion and leakage of butane and isobutane.
• The tank has a steam or electric heating system, which can maintain the suitable temperature and pressure of butane and isobutane.
• The tank has an inert gas protection system, which can prevent the self-ignition or explosion of butane and isobutane.
• The tank has a pressure relief system, which can avoid the overpressure or vacuum of butane and isobutane.
• The tank has a protective and lifting frame, which can facilitate the multimodal transportation of butane and isobutane.

As a leading chemical company, at Junyuan Petroleum Group we are committed to providing high-quality and innovative products to our customers around the world. However, delivering chemical samples to different countries and regions is not a simple task. It requires careful planning and execution, as well as compliance with various laws and regulations. To ensure the safety and legality of our sample shipments, we follow these steps: – We identify the type and hazard level of our chemical samples, and whether they need any special permits or certificates. – We choose the appropriate shipping service and mode of transportation, such as air, land or sea, that meet the international or domestic transport rules. – We use proper packaging materials and labels, to prevent leakage, damage or mishandling of our samples. – We fill out complete and accurate shipping documents, including the information of the recipient and the sender, as well as the name, quantity, hazard level and other relevant information of our samples. – We hand over the shipping documents and samples to the shipping service provider, pay the corresponding fees, and track the shipping status. By following these steps, we can ensure that our samples reach our customers in a timely and efficient manner, and that we maintain our reputation as a reliable and trustworthy partner. We are always ready to serve our customers with our best products and services. Some of our most popular products are n-Pentane, Isopentane, Cyclopentane, Blowing Agents, n-Hexane, Isohexane, n-Heptane, n-Butane and Isobutane. These products are widely used in the production of insulation materials, such as Polyurethane (PU) and Polystyrene (PS) foams. They have different properties and advantages, depending on the application and the desired insulation performance¹². For example, Cyclopentane offers an extremely high and lasting insulating effect, as it remains partially in the cells of PU and PIR foams after foaming¹. N-Pentane and Iso-Pentane have a lower insulating effect than Cyclopentane, but they are more stable and the individual cells are firmer and finer². Blowing Agents are mixtures of different Pentanes, which can optimize the costs and foam properties¹. We test these products in our state-of-the-art laboratories, to ensure their quality and safety. We also customize the products according to the specific needs and preferences of our customers. For example, we can adjust the purity, viscosity, boiling point, and flash point of the products, to suit different applications and climates. The typical amount of samples that our customers request is around 250 milliliters, but this may vary depending on the product and the customer’s requirements. We always try to accommodate the requests of our customers, as long as they are reasonable and legal. We also provide technical support and guidance, to help our customers use our products effectively and efficiently.

Source:
(1) Which Pentanes are suitable for the production of insulating materials?
(2) Which Pentane Blowing Agent is Best for Your Application?
(3) Cyclopentane, as a blowing agent in Polyurethane (PU) foams, is the …. https://junyuanpetroleumgroup.com/chemical-manufacturer-supplier-distributor/cyclopentane-as-a-blowing-agent-in-polyurethane-pu-foams-is-the-most-important-raw-material-for-high-performance-insulation-in-refrigerators/.
(4) N-Heptane Vs N-Pentane

There are many authoritative third-party testing organizations that can provide chemical testing, analysis, certification, and other services. Some of the well-known ones are:

• SGS²: Based in Switzerland, it is the world’s leading inspection, testing, and certification company, with more than 2500 offices and laboratories, serving industries such as agriculture, consumer goods, energy, life sciences, mining, oil and gas, etc.
• Intertek³: Based in the UK, it is a global leader in comprehensive quality assurance services, with over 1000 offices and laboratories, covering industries such as petrochemicals, electronics, food and agricultural products, mineral products, energy, etc.
• Bureau Veritas: Based in France, it is a renowned international inspection and certification group, whose service areas focus on quality, health, safety, and environmental management, as well as social responsibility assessment, with over 1000 laboratories and offices, serving more than 20,000 customers.
• TÜV Rheinland: Based in Germany, it is an international leading technical service provider, founded in 1872, with extensive testing technology and certification qualifications, serving industries such as electronics, photovoltaic, automotive components, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals, etc.

The testing scope of each organization may vary depending on the type of product, material, or industry. Generally, the testing scope can be classified according to the following types:

• Composition Analysis: Qualitative and quantitative analysis to identify impurities, verify conformance to a standard or specification, evaluate raw materials, identify alloys, etc.
• Trace Contamination Detection: Detection of foreign particles, stains, cloudiness, degradation, residues, etc. to determine the source of contamination and eliminate it.
• Metals Testing: Testing of strength, corrosion, etc. to ensure the purity of metals and metal alloys.
• Material Testing: Testing of polymers, plastics, metals, ceramics, paper, etc. to check quality, durability, composition, etc.
• Regulatory Testing: Testing of lead, phthalates, and other restricted or banned substances, etc. to ensure products meet regulatory health and safety requirements.

The differences between the testing organizations may depend on their accreditation, reputation, expertise, service quality, cost, turnaround time, etc. Some organizations may have more experience or recognition in certain industries or regions than others. Some organizations may also have more advanced equipment or technology than others. Therefore, it is important to compare and choose the most suitable testing organization for your specific needs and expectations.

Junyuan Petroleum Group is a Chinese company that specializes in chemicals, oil and gas exploration, development, production, and sales. It operates in several countries and regions, such as China, Kazakhstan, Iraq, etc.

Source:
(1) 化学品 | SGS China.
(2) 检测认证机构SGS检测_SGS认证通标标准技术服务有限公司.
(3) 检测认证机构_sgs检测报告_sgs认证通标标准技术服务有限公司_sgs是什么认证机构.

Heptane is an organic compound with the molecular formula C7H16, which is a type of alkane. It is a colorless liquid with a slight gasoline smell, flammable, insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents.

Heptane has some industrial applications, such as being used as a solvent, fuel, or raw material for synthesizing other chemicals.

Heptane can absorb ultraviolet rays, so it can also be used as a UV absorber, such as in sunscreen or plastic. The function of UV absorbers is to prevent UV damage to the skin or materials, such as sunburn, aging, discoloration, or degradation.

Isobutane is called R600A because it is a refrigerant with the molecular formula C4H10 or HC(CH3)3. The R stands for refrigerant, and the 600 indicates the molecular weight of the compound divided by 100. The A means that it is an isomer of butane, which has the same chemical composition but a different structure. ¹²

Isobutane is used as a refrigerant in home and commercial appliances, such as refrigerators, freezers, vending machines, and plug-ins. It is also used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane. ¹²⁴

Isobutane is a natural refrigerant that has negligible ozone depletion potential and very low global warming potential. It is also non-toxic and has good thermodynamic properties. However, it is highly flammable and requires special safety precautions when handling and storing. ²³⁴.

Source:
(1) Isobutane – Wikipedia.
(2) R-600a Isobutane Refrigerant Fact & Info Sheet.
(3) Uses of Isobutane – R600a
(4) Refrigerant r600a (isobutane) properties, pressure.
(5) en.wikipedia.org.

Junyuan Petroleum Group, a leading company in the petrochemical industry, announced the launch of its new Isobutane products on Tuesday. Isobutane is a saturated hydrocarbon that has four carbon atoms and is used as a refrigerant, a propellant, and a raw material for various chemical products.

According to Junyuan Petroleum Group, the new Isobutane products have high purity, low impurities, and stable quality. They can meet the needs of various customers in the domestic and international markets, such as the refrigeration, aerosol, and pharmaceutical industries.

The company said that the launch of the Isobutane products is part of its strategy to diversify its product portfolio and enhance its competitiveness in the global market. The company also plans to expand its production capacity and invest in research and development of new technologies and applications for Isobutane.

Junyuan Petroleum Group is a leading manufacturer, producer and supplier of solvents in China. The company has been operating since 2006 and has a total annual output of over 10 million tons of petrochemical products.