Polyurethane Rigid Foam (PUR) is a high-performance, closed-cell insulation material widely used in cold storage, cold-chain logistics, industrial refrigeration, and other low-temperature insulation applications. Its excellent thermal insulation, structural stability, and adaptability make it the material of choice for modern insulation projects.

Its core advantages include:

1. Outstanding Thermal Insulation

Low Thermal Conductivity: PUR exhibits thermal conductivity as low as 0.018–0.024 W/(m·K), making it one of the most effective insulation materials currently available. This reduces energy loss and lowers operational costs. High Closed-Cell Content (≥90%): The closed-cell structure blocks air convection, enhances moisture resistance, and prevents performance degradation due to water vapor infiltration.

Enhancement: The use of high-purity Cyclopentane, Isopentane, or n-Pentane as blowing agents ensures that the foam maintains its low thermal conductivity and closed-cell integrity over time, directly contributing to superior insulation efficiency.

2. Structural Strength and Durability

Compressive Strength and Deformation Resistance: With densities typically ranging from 35–60 kg/m³ and compressive strengths of 150–300 kPa, PUR can support internal racks, equipment, and transport loads. Dimensional Stability: Maintains its volume across extreme temperatures (-50°C to +100°C) with minimal shrinkage or cracking, ensuring long-term reliability.

Enhancement: The controlled purity of pentane-based blowing agents (<2 ppm sulfur, <50 ppm moisture) prevents defects during production and guarantees that the foam retains its strength and dimensional stability throughout its lifecycle.

3. Easy Installation and Adaptability

On-Site Spraying / Pouring: PUR can be applied seamlessly onto walls, roofs, or cavities, eliminating thermal bridges and providing a continuous insulation layer. Compatibility with Multiple Substrates: Bonds firmly to concrete, metal sheets, and composite panels, making it ideal for complex cold storage structures.

Enhancement: Using optimized pentane blends ensures uniform foam expansion and adhesion, improving application efficiency and minimizing material waste.

4. Environmental Friendliness and Safety

Low Global Warming Potential (GWP): Modern PUR systems employ environmentally friendly blowing agents such as Cyclopentane, Isopentane, or water-based formulations, reducing environmental impact. Fire Safety: With proper flame retardants, PUR can achieve B1-class flame resistance (GB 8624-2012), meeting stringent cold storage fire standards.

Enhancement: Our high-purity pentane products are fully compliant with international environmental regulations, providing a sustainable and safe option for manufacturers aiming to meet both GWP and fire safety requirements.

5. Economic Advantages

Although initial costs may be higher than traditional materials like EPS or rock wool, PUR’s long lifespan (20+ years) and energy-saving properties significantly reduce operating costs.

Enhancement: By selecting our reliable pentane blowing agents, manufacturers can achieve consistent foam quality and maximize energy efficiency, enhancing ROI over the lifetime of the insulation system.

Application Considerations

Controlled Installation Environment: Surfaces must be dry and clean; recommended temperature is 15–35°C with humidity below 85%. Insulation Thickness Design: Determined by the target cold storage temperature (e.g., -18°C for refrigeration or -60°C for ultra-low temperature). Typical PUR layers range from 50–150 mm. Safety Protection: Workers must wear protective gear to avoid exposure to uncured chemicals.

Enhancement: Using high-purity pentane ensures predictable foam behavior even under varying environmental conditions, reducing installation risk and ensuring design specifications are met.

Why Pentane-Based Blowing Agents Are Critical

The superior performance of PUR depends directly on the quality of the blowing agent. Our Cyclopentane, Isopentane, and n-Pentane products offer:

Purity Control: Low sulfur (<2 ppm) and low moisture (<50 ppm) for defect-free foam. Processing Stability: Uniform cell structure for optimal insulation and mechanical strength. Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of applications including cold storage, refrigerated trucks, and PIR/PUR panels. Environmental Compliance: Non-ozone-depleting, low GWP, aligned with global regulations.

Conclusion

Polyurethane Rigid Foam remains the top choice for modern cold storage insulation, offering unparalleled thermal performance, durability, and adaptability. High-purity pentane-based blowing agents are essential to fully realize these benefits, ensuring:

Maximum thermal insulation efficiency Consistent structural integrity Reliable production and long-term performance Compliance with environmental and fire safety standards

By choosing our products, manufacturers can deliver high-quality, energy-efficient, and environmentally responsible insulation solutions, ensuring optimal performance for decades.

As global industries continue to advance toward energy efficiency and sustainable construction, demand for cost-effective and versatile raw materials is on the rise. One such material is n-Pentane 95%, widely recognized for its performance in insulation foam manufacturing and industrial solvent applications.

Why n-Pentane 95%?

Optimized Purity for Industrial Use With a guaranteed 95% purity, n-Pentane strikes the right balance between performance and cost. This grade is especially suitable for large-scale industrial applications where ultra-high purity is not necessary but consistent quality is critical. Preferred Blowing Agent in Insulation Panels n-Pentane 95% is extensively used as a blowing agent in the production of PU and PIR sandwich panels, roofing boards, and cold storage insulation panels. Its compatibility with modern production lines ensures excellent insulation performance while helping manufacturers meet regional energy-efficiency standards. Cost Efficiency Compared with higher-purity solvents, n-Pentane 95% offers a more economical solution without compromising on application results. This makes it highly attractive for companies that require regular, bulk procurement. Versatile Industrial Applications Beyond insulation materials, n-Pentane 95% is also applied in adhesives, coatings, and cleaning formulations across multiple industrial sectors. Its fast evaporation rate and solvent properties make it a reliable choice for diverse manufacturing needs.

Packaging and Logistics

n-Pentane 95% is typically supplied in ISO tanks, drums, or customized bulk packaging to meet different production scales. Our logistics partners ensure compliance with international hazardous goods regulations, guaranteeing safe and timely delivery.

Market Outlook

With construction growth across the Middle East, Asia, and beyond, the need for energy-saving insulation materials is rapidly expanding. n-Pentane 95% will remain a cornerstone raw material for manufacturers aiming to deliver high-quality, cost-effective solutions for modern infrastructure and industrial projects.

🧪 Two Essential Blowing Agents: Cyclopentane and Pentane

In the world of insulation and polymer manufacturing, blowing agents play a critical role in creating lightweight, energy-efficient materials. Among the most widely used are cyclopentane and pentane, both hydrocarbon compounds known for their effectiveness and environmental advantages. Let’s explore their properties and applications.

🔹 Cyclopentane: Properties and Applications

Physical and Chemical Characteristics

Cyclopentane is a colorless, highly volatile liquid with a distinct gasoline-like odor. Key properties include:

• Freezing Point: –94°C
• Boiling Point: ~49°C
• Vapor Density: 2.4 times that of air
• Vapor Pressure: 36.6 kPa at 20°C; 69 kPa at 38°C
• Density (20°C): 0.745 g/cm³
• Flash Point (closed cup): –37°C (Highly flammable)
• Autoignition Temperature: 361°C
• Explosion Limits (vol%): 1.5% – 8.7%
• Occupational Exposure Limit (TLV/TWA): 600 ppm

Technical Specifications

Commercial-grade cyclopentane typically meets the following standards:

• Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with no suspended solids
• Purity: ≥99%
• Moisture Content: <50 ppm
• Non-volatile Residue: <10 ppm
• Acidity: Neutral, free of acidic substances

Application Highlights

Cyclopentane is prized for its zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and zero global warming potential (GWP), making it an ideal replacement for CFC-11 in foam production. It is commonly used in:

1. CFC-free refrigerators and freezers
2. Cold storage insulation systems
3. Pipeline thermal insulation

Usage Notes

• Cyclopentane has limited solubility in polyether polyols, so low-viscosity polyols are preferred.
• It can be blended with isopentane to optimize performance.

🔸 Pentane: Properties and Applications

Pentane refers to a group of isomers, primarily n-pentane and isopentane, both used in industrial applications.

Physical and Chemical Characteristics

At room temperature, pentane is a clear, colorless liquid with a faint aromatic odor. It is:

• Free of olefins
• Free of suspended solids and water

Technical Specifications

Typical industrial-grade pentane meets the following criteria:

• Appearance: Clear, no sediment or haze
• Purity: ≥99% for n-pentane; ≥98% for isopentane
• Composition: n-pentane is rich in straight-chain alkanes; isopentane contains branched isomers
• Moisture Content: <20 ppm
• Sulfur Content: <1 ppm
• Bromine Index: Low (indicates minimal unsaturated hydrocarbons)

Application Highlights

Pentane is derived from efficient distillation of light hydrocarbons from oil fields. Its main uses include:

1. Desorption agent in molecular sieve dewaxing (n-pentane)
2. Blowing agent for expandable polystyrene (EPS) — often a blend of n- and isopentane
3. Polyurethane foam production, often in combination with cyclopentane

🌍 Environmental and Industrial Relevance

Both cyclopentane and pentane are vital in the shift toward eco-friendly insulation materials. Their low environmental impact and high efficiency make them indispensable in modern manufacturing, especially as industries move away from ozone-depleting substances.

Indonesia’s industrial growth and expanding refrigeration and foam manufacturing sectors have driven up the demand for high-purity Isopentane. As a critical solvent and blowing agent, Isopentane is widely used in the production of polyurethane (PU) foams, adhesives, and refrigerants. Junyuan Petroleum Group, as a leading Asian supplier, ensures stable supply through consistent production capacity, flexible export logistics, and tailored packaging options. With ISO tank and drum availability, the company is committed to supporting Indonesia’s growing chemical sector with high-quality and dependable solutions.

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Indonesia’s Growing Demand for Isopentane

The Indonesian market has witnessed rapid growth in downstream sectors such as:

• Refrigeration manufacturing

• PU foam production for construction and appliances

• Solvent-based adhesives for packaging and footwear

Isopentane is a preferred choice in these sectors due to its low boiling point, fast evaporation, and excellent solvency properties.

Applications of Isopentane in Indonesia:

1. PU Foam Industry:

Used as a co-blowing agent with Cyclopentane in the production of rigid polyurethane foams, crucial for thermal insulation in refrigerators and freezers.

2. Adhesives and Sealants:

Serves as a solvent that enhances tackiness, controls viscosity, and speeds up drying—important for Indonesia’s footwear, automotive, and construction sectors.

3. Refrigerant Blends:

Incorporated into refrigerant formulations for optimized cooling performance and pressure balance.

How Junyuan Petroleum Group Ensures Stable Supply

1. Strong Production Capacity:

With dedicated facilities for high-purity Isopentane (95% and 99%), Junyuan Petroleum Group maintains a robust and scalable production line to meet bulk demands.

2. Export-Grade Packaging:

Products are shipped in ISO tanks for bulk users and drums for regional distributors and flexible volume clients.

3. Tailored Logistics for Indonesia:

• Close cooperation with regional shipping partners

• Stable lead times and proactive demand planning

• Multi-port shipping options to Jakarta, Surabaya, and other industrial hubs

4. Technical Support:

Our team provides full documentation support (COA, SDS, REACH, etc.) and technical guidance for blending or formulation compatibility.

Conclusion:

As Indonesia continues its industrial expansion, the demand for high-performance solvents and blowing agents like Isopentane will only rise. Junyuan Petroleum Group stands as a reliable partner, offering not only high-quality products but also consistent delivery and technical reliability to help Indonesian manufacturers grow confidently and sustainably.

A Sustainable Alternative to HCFC-141b for Thermoware, Refrigeration, and Construction Industries

With HCFC-141b officially phased out in many countries, Cyclopentane has become the leading blowing agent for environmentally conscious manufacturers. Offering zero ozone depletion potential and low GWP, Cyclopentane ensures top-tier insulation performance in polyurethane foam systems. Widely adopted across thermoware, cold chain, and construction sectors, it is now the preferred solution for global buyers seeking performance and compliance. Our Cyclopentane is available in ISO tank and Drum packaging, ensuring flexible, export-ready delivery for industrial applications.

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Why Cyclopentane?

1. Zero Ozone Depletion, Low GWP

• Fully compliant with the Montreal Protocol and Kigali Amendment

• Non-fluorinated, non-ozone-depleting alternative to 141b

• Ideal for long-term environmental strategies

2. Superior Insulation Performance

• Enables high-performance rigid polyurethane foam with excellent thermal resistance

• Ensures energy efficiency in refrigeration and building systems

• Compatible with polymeric MDI and blended polyol

3. Widely Used in Multiple Sectors

• Thermoware products: food containers, iceboxes

• Refrigeration: freezers, refrigerators, water heaters

• Building insulation: PU sandwich panels, PIR boards

4. Global Demand Trends

• Especially strong in Pakistan, India, Southeast Asia, Middle East, and Latin America

• Preferred by foam manufacturers upgrading to green blowing agents

5. Reliable Supply & Export-Ready Packaging

• Available grades: 95% / 99% Cyclopentane

• Packaging options:

• ISO Tank (bulk shipments for large-scale users)

• Drum (flexible supply for regional distributors or smaller factories)

• Backed by expert technical support and export experience

Your Trusted Partner in the Transition from 141b

With proven performance, global acceptance, and sustainable credentials, Cyclopentane is redefining the future of polyurethane insulation. If you’re a thermoware or foam manufacturer seeking a high-purity, export-grade blowing agent, our Cyclopentane is ready to ship.

Flat Pricing Reflects Balanced Demand and Supply in China’s Isopentane Market

As of April 29, 2025, the price of Isopentane in China remains unchanged at CNY 9,500/MT, showing no fluctuation over the past 12 days. With the current exchange rate of 1 USD ≈ 7.327 CNY, the equivalent international price stands at approximately USD 1,296/MT. This price stability reflects a steady market, with global demand sustained across refrigeration, insulation, and adhesives sectors. Now is a strategic time for procurement professionals to evaluate inventory planning.

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Current Price Snapshot (as of 2025-04-29):

• CNY: 9,500/MT

• USD: Approx. 1,296/MT (based on 1 USD ≈ 7.327 CNY)

• Change: 0.00% over the past 12 days

Applications of Isopentane:

Isopentane (2-methylbutane) is a versatile C5 hydrocarbon with multiple industrial applications:

1. Refrigeration Industry

• Used as a blowing agent in polyurethane (PU) and polyisocyanurate (PIR) foams

• Key component in insulation panels for refrigerators and cold chain systems

2. Thermal Insulation Materials

• Enables the production of rigid foam insulation boards

• Used widely in energy-efficient construction materials

3. Adhesive Industry

• Functions as a solvent in solvent-based adhesives

• Enhances resin solubility, drying speed, viscosity control, and flow

4. Laboratory Use

• Occasionally used as a non-polar solvent or reagent in analytical chemistry

Key Markets & Demand Regions:

• China: Largest production and consumption base, particularly for PU foams

• India: Strong demand in adhesives and insulation manufacturing

• Southeast Asia: Growth driven by infrastructure and cold storage

• Europe: Increasing use of Isopentane as an eco-friendly replacement for HFCs

• Middle East & Latin America: Steady demand from construction and refrigeration sectors

Market Outlook:

With Isopentane prices holding steady at CNY 9,500/MT or approximately USD 1,296/MT, this may be a favorable time for global buyers to secure volumes before seasonal demand pushes prices upward. As energy efficiency and environmental standards tighten globally, demand for non-fluorinated blowing agents like Isopentane is expected to rise.

“🌟 GET FOAM, NOT FOMO! 🌟 Foam Expo is the hub for innovation in foam technologies. We’re here showcasing our high-purity pentane solutions—essential for eco-friendly foam production and advanced thermal insulation. Let’s innovate together!

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As the Marketing Director of Junyuan Petroleum Group, I am proud to share our industry insights on Cyclopentane, highlighting its growing role in the global refrigeration market. Based on our observations at the 2025 China Refrigeration Exhibition, this article explores Cyclopentane’s applications, technological advantages, and market potential worldwide.

Cyclopentane: A Green Solution for Modern Refrigeration

The global refrigeration industry is rapidly moving toward high efficiency, low carbon emissions, and smart solutions. Cyclopentane, as an eco-friendly blowing agent and refrigerant, has emerged as a key material driving this green transformation.

Environmental Benefits and Industry Value

Cyclopentane offers zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and an extremely low Global Warming Potential (GWP), fully meeting the environmental standards outlined in the Kigali Amendment. At the refrigeration exhibition, we observed numerous companies demonstrating low-carbon technologies where Cyclopentane-based blowing agents are already widely applied in household appliances such as refrigerators and freezers.

Technological Innovation and Application Expansion

Junyuan Petroleum Group’s high-purity Cyclopentane products leverage optimized production processes and stringent quality control to achieve industry-leading thermal conductivity and anti-aging performance. In ultra-low-temperature heat pump systems, our Cyclopentane products reliably perform under conditions below -30°C, offering robust solutions for cold chain logistics and industrial refrigeration worldwide.

Market Demand and Outlook

Industry experts forecast that, with the global drive toward carbon neutrality, the demand for eco-friendly refrigerants such as Cyclopentane is expected to grow at an annual rate exceeding 20% over the next five years. Particularly in regions investing in clean heating, industrial waste heat recovery, and energy-efficient refrigeration, Cyclopentane-based solutions are poised to play a significant role.

Junyuan Petroleum Group’s Core Advantages

Production Capacity: Our Cyclopentane production facilities have an annual output of 100,000 tons, ensuring stable supply of high-quality products. R&D Excellence: Collaborative laboratories with top universities, including Tsinghua University, enable continuous optimization of product performance. Customized Solutions: We provide tailored Cyclopentane products to meet diverse global applications, from household appliances to industrial systems.

Global Collaboration and Future Vision

Junyuan Petroleum Group is committed to partnering with refrigeration companies worldwide to advance Cyclopentane applications across multiple sectors:

Eco-friendly blowing agents for household refrigeration Energy-efficient retrofitting of commercial refrigeration systems Industrial waste heat recovery systems Thermal insulation for cold chain logistics

Through deep collaboration across industry, academia, and research, Cyclopentane will continue to drive the green transformation of the refrigeration industry, contributing to global carbon peak and neutrality goals.

Junyuan Petroleum Group looks forward to working with global partners to usher in a new era of sustainable refrigeration.

Junyuan Petroleum Group Marketing Department

April 2025

Why a 20/80 Cyclopentane/n-Pentane Ratio is Widely Used in the Insulation Industry

In the world of polyurethane (PU) rigid foam insulation, blowing agents play a crucial role in determining foam quality, thermal insulation, and process efficiency. Among the many options available, a blend consisting of 20% Cyclopentane and 80% n-Pentane has emerged as a go-to solution for manufacturers seeking an optimal balance of performance and cost.

Why This Specific Blend?

Each component in the blend brings unique properties to the table:

• Cyclopentane is valued for its low thermal conductivity, allowing foams to achieve excellent insulation performance. It also has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and relatively low global warming potential (GWP), making it more environmentally friendly. However, it is more expensive and can pose challenges in flowability and evaporation rate during foam processing.

• n-Pentane, on the other hand, is more economical, with higher vapor pressure and better flowability, making it easier to process, especially in large-scale industrial applications. But used alone, it tends to result in larger, less uniform foam cells, which can compromise insulation performance.

By blending 20% Cyclopentane with 80% n-Pentane, manufacturers can harness the strengths of both components: the superior insulation of Cyclopentane and the process efficiency and cost benefits of n-Pentane.

Where Is This Blend Used?

This pentane mixture is widely applied in:

• Household Refrigerators & Freezers: Used in the insulation layer of refrigerator cabinets and doors, ensuring high energy efficiency and consistent thermal performance.

• Construction Insulation Panels: Applied in rigid PU foam boards for building walls and roofs, providing lightweight, effective thermal barriers.

• Cold Chain Logistics: Employed in the insulation of refrigerated trucks and containers, helping maintain low temperatures during transportation.

Environmental and Safety Considerations

While the blend is non-ozone depleting and has lower GWP than legacy blowing agents like CFCs or HCFCs, it is still flammable and must be handled with proper safety protocols. Many modern production lines are equipped with explosion-proof equipment and ventilation systems to safely manage pentane-based formulations.

Conclusion

The 20/80 Cyclopentane/n-Pentane blend is a prime example of how smart chemical engineering can optimize material performance while balancing economic and environmental concerns. As global demand for energy-efficient insulation grows, such formulations will continue to play a key role in sustainable manufacturing.

Abstract

Cyclopentane has become a cornerstone in the production of modern refrigerators, serving as an efficient and environmentally friendly blowing agent for polyurethane foam insulation. This article explores its role, the importance of purity levels, and the factors influencing its performance in both standard and sensitive household refrigerators. While 95% purity cyclopentane is an industry standard, challenges such as impurities, manufacturing processes, and storage conditions can affect foam quality. By understanding these dynamics, manufacturers can optimize insulation performance and ensure reliable refrigeration solutions.

Keywords

Cyclopentane, refrigerator insulation, polyurethane foam, blowing agent, purity, manufacturing, refrigeration technology

Article

Refrigerators are an essential part of modern life, keeping food fresh and safe. But behind their sleek designs lies a critical technology: polyurethane foam insulation, which ensures energy efficiency and temperature stability. At the heart of this foam is cyclopentane, a hydrocarbon that has quietly revolutionized the refrigeration industry.

What Is Cyclopentane and Why Does It Matter?

Cyclopentane is a flammable, colorless liquid used as a blowing agent in the production of polyurethane foam. A blowing agent is a substance that creates gas bubbles within the foam mixture, forming a cellular structure that traps air and provides excellent thermal insulation. In refrigerators, this foam is injected between the inner and outer walls, creating a barrier that keeps cold air in and warm air out. Compared to older alternatives like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), cyclopentane is ozone-friendly and has a low global warming potential, making it a sustainable choice for manufacturers worldwide.

The Role of Purity in Performance

One question often arises: Is 95% purity cyclopentane sufficient for refrigerator production? The answer, based on widespread industry experience, is a resounding yes. This purity level has become a global standard because it strikes an effective balance between performance and practicality. The remaining 5% typically consists of other hydrocarbons, such as n-pentane or isopentane, which don’t significantly hinder its function as a blowing agent.

However, purity alone doesn’t tell the whole story. While 95% cyclopentane works flawlessly in most cases—supporting both standard and sensitive refrigerator models—its success depends on the quality of the supply and how it’s used. Poor-quality cyclopentane, laden with unexpected impurities from substandard refining, can disrupt foam formation, leading to irregular cell structures or even foam collapse. This can compromise insulation and, ultimately, the refrigerator’s efficiency.

Beyond Purity: What Can Go Wrong?

When issues like damaged foam arise, low purity is rarely the sole culprit. Several other factors play a bigger role:1. Impurities: Beyond the typical 5% hydrocarbon mix, contaminants from poor production processes can destabilize the foam. Manufacturers relying on unverified suppliers might unknowingly use subpar batches. 2. Manufacturing Precision: Foam production is a delicate dance of mixing polyols, isocyanates, and cyclopentane under precise conditions. Errors in temperature, pressure, or ratios can lead to defects, regardless of cyclopentane’s purity. 3. Storage and Handling: Cyclopentane’s volatility means it must be stored and transported carefully. Exposure to heat or pressure fluctuations can degrade its quality before it even reaches the factory floor.

For example, some manufacturers have reported foam damage linked to imported cyclopentane. Rather than purity being too low, the root cause often lies in inconsistent supply chains or inadequate process controls at the production site.

Packaging and Logistics: A Practical Consideration

In practice, cyclopentane is shipped in iron drums or specialized tanks, depending on the manufacturer’s setup. Some prefer bulk delivery via ISOTanks, while others opt for drums paired with wooden pallets for easier handling. These choices impact logistics but don’t alter cyclopentane’s core performance—provided the material remains uncontaminated and stable during transit.

Why Cyclopentane Stays Relevant

Cyclopentane’s widespread adoption isn’t just about meeting regulations—it’s about reliability. It delivers consistent insulation performance, helping refrigerators meet energy efficiency standards while keeping production costs manageable. For manufacturers, ensuring a steady supply of high-quality cyclopentane and fine-tuning their foaming processes are key to avoiding pitfalls and delivering top-tier products.

Conclusion

Cyclopentane may not grab headlines, but its role in refrigerator manufacturing is indispensable. With 95% purity as a proven benchmark, the focus for producers shifts to quality control, process optimization, and logistics. By mastering these elements, the industry ensures that this humble hydrocarbon continues to keep our food cold—and our planet a little greener.