Tag desulfurization

When is TBPS or DTBPS preferred over DMDS?

Refineries may select TBPS/DTBPS when:

• A lower sulfiding temperature is required.
• Methane formation (“methane make”) is a concern.
• Operators prefer less odor and improved safety profile (TBPS/DTBPS are less volatile than DMDS).
• The unit requires gradual sulfur release for temperature-sensitive catalysts.

Why is sulfiding necessary?

Without sulfiding, the catalyst remains inactive and cannot drive hydrodesulfurization (HDS) or hydrodenitrification (HDN) reactions. Proper sulfiding ensures the catalyst achieves full activity and longevity, preventing deactivation and maintaining fuel quality standards (sulfur <10 ppm).

How is the sulfiding process monitored?

Modern refineries use online H₂S and hydrogen analyzers to monitor sulfiding progress. The process involves:

1. Drying and wetting the catalyst bed.
2. Gradually heating the reactor while introducing the sulfiding agent.
3. Tracking H₂S concentration in the effluent gas to detect breakthrough — the point at which the catalyst becomes fully sulfided.
4. Holding at a final temperature (typically 600–660°F) until completion.

What is sulfiding in refineries?

Sulfiding is the activation process for hydrotreating and hydrocracking catalysts. Fresh catalysts are manufactured in oxide form and must be converted into their active sulfide form before they can remove sulfur, nitrogen, and other impurities from fuels. The process involves feeding a sulfur-containing compound (sulfiding agent) with hydrogen into the reactor to form hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), which reacts with the catalyst to create the active sulfide phase.

To activate hydrotreating and hydrocracking catalysts, refineries use sulfiding agents — specialized sulfur compounds that convert metal oxides (like CoMo or NiMo) into their active sulfide forms.

The most widely used sulfiding agents today are:

Note:
In refinery practice, TBPS and DTBPS are often used interchangeably. DTBPS (Di-tert-Butyl Polysulfide) is a high-purity variant of TBPS, offering greater thermal stability and a smoother sulfiding profile.

Why Refineries Choose These Agents

• DMDS is preferred globally due to its higher sulfur concentration and cost efficiency.
• DTBPS (or TBPS) is selected where lower sulfiding temperatures or improved safety and odor control are priorities.

Both are crucial in ensuring complete and controlled activation of hydrotreating catalysts — a key step for producing ultra-low sulfur fuels.

Abstract

DTBPS (Di-tert-butyl Polysulfide) is an innovative sulfurizing agent widely used in hydroprocessing catalysts, ethylene cracking furnaces, and oil & gas desulfurization. As a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to DMDS, DTBPS offers superior catalytic performance, lower odor emissions, and compliance with strict environmental regulations. With increasing demand for cleaner and more efficient sulfurizing agents, DTBPS is poised to become the preferred choice for the petrochemical and refining industries.

Keywords

DTBPS, sulfurizing agent, hydroprocessing catalyst, DMDS alternative, desulfurization, petrochemical industry, cleaner production, refinery technology, SZ-54, sustainable chemistry

Introduction: A Game-Changer in Sulfurization Technology

In the evolving landscape of the petrochemical industry, efficiency and environmental compliance are top priorities. DTBPS, a cutting-edge sulfurizing agent similar to Lubrizol’s SZ-54, has been gaining traction as a superior alternative to DMDS. With its high sulfur content, minimal odor, and non-hazardous classification, DTBPS is redefining sulfurization in hydroprocessing, ethylene cracking, and oilfield applications.

Why DTBPS? Key Advantages Over DMDS

1. Enhanced Catalytic Sulfurization Performance

DTBPS effectively sulfurizes hydroprocessing catalysts, achieving high activation levels necessary for producing ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD). Unlike DMDS, which generates methane during decomposition, DTBPS releases hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and isobutane. This unique property helps maintain hydrogen partial pressure in the system, optimizing catalyst performance without the need for additional hydrogen supplementation.

2. Superior Environmental and Safety Profile

• Non-Hazardous Classification: Unlike DMDS, which is classified as a hazardous chemical requiring strict handling and transportation protocols, DTBPS is considered a non-hazardous substance, simplifying logistics and reducing compliance burdens.

• Low Odor Emissions: DTBPS significantly reduces unpleasant sulfur odors, improving workplace safety and minimizing environmental impact.

• Cleaner Combustion: When used as a coke inhibitor in ethylene cracking furnaces, DTBPS enhances efficiency while reducing emissions, aligning with global sustainability goals.

3. Growing Market Demand & Future Prospects

The increasing focus on environmental regulations and workplace safety is driving the transition from DMDS to DTBPS. Major petrochemical enterprises, including Sinopec and PetroChina, are actively exploring DTBPS as a next-generation sulfurizing solution. As regulatory bodies tighten restrictions on hazardous chemicals, the demand for DTBPS is expected to surge, positioning it as the future of clean sulfurization technology.

Conclusion: DTBPS – The Smart Choice for a Sustainable Future

DTBPS offers a compelling combination of high efficiency, environmental safety, and cost-effectiveness. As refineries and petrochemical plants seek cleaner and more sustainable solutions, DTBPS is set to become the industry standard for sulfurization processes. By adopting DTBPS, companies can enhance production efficiency, comply with stringent environmental regulations, and reduce operational risks—all while driving a cleaner energy future.

Contact Us

Junyuan Petroleum Group is committed to delivering high-performance sulfurizing agents for a cleaner and more efficient petrochemical industry. Contact us today to learn more about DTBPS and how it can optimize your refinery operations.

 Email: info@junyuanpetroleumgroup.com

 Website: https://junyuanpetroleumgroup.com