Synonym(s): Pentane

n-Pentane

n-Pentane – High-purity, colorless hydrocarbon widely used as a solvent, chemical intermediate, and blowing agent in coatings, adhesives, and pharmaceutical applications. Perfect for industrial and laboratory use.

Condensed Structural Formula Condensed formula of n-pentane: CH₃(CH₂)₃CH₃, showing a compact representation of the carbon chain

CAS : 78-78-4

Product Information

Category: Organic CRM > High Purity Compounds > Alkanes
Reference Number: JY2512051055
Product Name: n-Pentane
CAS Number: 109-66-0 EC Number: 203-692-4

Ball-and-Stick Model Ball-and-stick model of n-pentane: 3D visualization of atoms and bonds in the linear alkane structure

Linear Formula:
CH3(CH2)3CH3

Shelf Life

24 months from ship date. Store under normal laboratory conditions at 15°C to 25°C.

Expanded Structural Formula Expanded structural formula of n-pentane: H₃C–CH₂–CH₂–CH₂–CH₃, displaying all atoms and single bonds

Molecular Weight:
72.15

Certifications

✔ ISO 17034 – Reference Material Certification
✔ ISO 17025 – Laboratory Testing Standard
✔ ISO 9001 – Quality Management Standard

Line-Angle Formula Line-angle formula of n-pentane: zigzag line representing five carbon atoms with implied hydrogen atoms

Synonym(s):
Pentane

Other Names

Synonym: Amyl hydride, n- Amyl hydride, pentane, Diethyl methane, 1, 3-Dimethyl propane

Products by Category

n-Pentane

Technical Specifications

The technical specifications provide essential physical and chemical data for n-Pentane, a volatile, flammable hydrocarbon widely used in industrial, laboratory, and formulation applications. These parameters—including melting and boiling points, density, solubility, and refractive index—are critical for safe handling, storage, and process integration. Accurate reference to these values ensures regulatory compliance and supports precise formulation in chemical manufacturing and analytical procedures.

Melting Point

−129.7 °C

Boiling Point

36.1 °C

Density

0.626 kg/L

Water Solubility

0.36 g/L at 20 °C

Refractive Index

1.3577 (at 20 °C, D line)

Physical Description

Liquid

Hazard Class:

3 (Flammable liquids)

Packing Group II:

Medium hazard level during transport

Storage Conditions:

Room temperature

Applications of n-Pentane

n-Pentane is widely used across insulation materials, chemical processing, adhesives, and pharmaceutical-related manufacturing. Its high volatility, excellent solvency, and low boiling point make it a versatile hydrocarbon in multiple industries.

1. Insulation and PU Foam Industry

n-Pentane is a primary blowing agent for producing rigid polyurethane (PU) foams and thermal insulation materials.
• Used in refrigerator and freezer insulation
• Applied in sandwich panels and Insulated Panels manufacturing
• Provides high expansion efficiency and low thermal conductivity
• Environmentally preferred vs. CFC/HCFC blowing agents
• Commonly applied together with Cyclopentane and Isopentane in optimized blowing-agent blends

2. EPS/XPS Foaming

n-Pentane serves as an effective physical blowing agent for:
• Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)
• Extruded Polystyrene (XPS)
• Thermal insulation boards and building materials
• Improved foam cell structure and uniformity

3. Solvent and Chemical Processing

Due to its low boiling point, n-Pentane is used in:
• Solvent extraction
• Polymerization processes
• Catalyst preparation and regeneration
• Lab-scale chemical reactions requiring fast evaporation
• Chromatographic applications as a non-polar solvent

4. Adhesive and Sealant Industry

n-Pentane offers:
• Fast-drying performance for solvent-based adhesives
• Improved resin solvency
• Balanced initial tack and controlled viscosity
• Suitable for pressure-sensitive adhesives and industrial bonding systems

5. Pharmaceutical & Fine Chemicals

Although more common for n-Heptane and n-Hexane, n-Pentane is also used in:
• API intermediate processing
• Solvent washing and purification steps
• Controlled fast-evaporation solvent systems

6. Refrigeration and Cooling Systems

• Used as a low-boiling working fluid in certain refrigeration cycles
• Applied in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems
• Supports high energy efficiency with minimal residue

7. Laboratory & R&D Applications

• Reference hydrocarbon solvent
• Cleaning and degreasing applications
• Volatility testing and evaporation studies
• Standard for calibration in analytical chemistry