[Definition]
n-Hexane is an organic solvent with high volatility and high fat solubility. It is a liquid with slight odor under normal conditions.
[Uses]
In industry, it is widely used as a solvent for adhesives, paints and gasoline, for decontamination, shoe making, ball making, printing, paint, furniture manufacturing, etc. Because n-Hexane can volatilize in one or two seconds, its volatilization speed is faster than alcohol, and the effect of wiping glass is better than alcohol. In the wiping and cleaning operation in the production process of electronic information industry, n-Hexane is often used instead of alcohol, so as to obtain higher production efficiency.
[Hazard]
Long term exposure can cause multiple peripheral neuropathy. Occupational chronic n-Hexane poisoning refers to the disease mainly caused by multiple peripheral nerve damage caused by long-term exposure to n-Hexane in occupational activities. In severe cases, lower limb paralysis and muscle atrophy can occur.
- Absorption
Although n-Hexane can enter the body through respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin, occupational poisoning is only found in those absorbed through respiratory tract. The absorption of n-Hexane into blood has a dose-response relationship. Rats were exposed to concentrations of 1800, 3600, 10800 and 3600 mg / m3. The half reduction period of n-Hexane in blood was 1 ~ 2 hours after 6 hours; Human exposure to 360 mg / m3, quiet for 4 hours, the blood half reduction period is 1.5 hours; After 3 hours of physiological load, the half reduction period was 2 hours. People were exposed to 313.2 ~ 439.2 mg / m3 n-Hexane and other solvents, and the exhaled gas was measured. The average absorption was 27.8% ± 5.3%, and the respiratory retention was 5.6% ± 5.7%. - Distribution
The distribution of n-Hexane in vivo is related to the fat content of organs, mainly in organs with high fat content, such as brain, kidney, liver, spleen, testis and so on. - Transformation
The biotransformation of n-Hexane is mainly in the liver. Microsomal cytochrome P450 and cytochrome c are directly involved in its oxidative metabolism. Metabolites include 2-Hexanol, 3-hexanol, 2-hexanone, 2,5-hexanedione, etc. - Excretion
n-Hexane and its metabolites are excreted from the lungs and kidneys. Human lung can excrete 50% ~ 60% n-hexane. Rats were eliminated from the tissue 48 hours after one or repeated exposure to 3600 mg / m3 and discharged from the lung in its original form. The most important metabolites are 2-Hexanol and 2,5-hexanedione, which are closely related to the environmental n-hexane concentration and are excreted from urine through the kidney. 2,5 hexanedione in urine can be used as a biological detection index for exposure to n-hexane.
[diagnosis and differential diagnosis of n-hexane poisoning]
n-Hexane poisoning can be diagnosed according to the occupational history of long-term close contact with n-Hexane, the clinical symptoms, signs and changes of neuroelectromyography dominated by multiple peripheral nerve damage, the determination results of urinary n-Hexane and 2,5-hexanedione, combined with on-site hygienic investigation and the determination of n-Hexane concentration in the air.
[Monitoring Object]
Personnel exposed to n-Hexane.
[Inspection Requirements]
Collect at least 5ml of random urine and send it to the toxicological chemical analysis laboratory of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital as soon as possible.
[Test Method]
At present, gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are commonly used to detect 2,5-hexanedione in urine.
[Report Time]
The test results can be obtained on the day of submission for inspection.